Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers of Epigenetic Drift within the Cardiovascular Compartment.
Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers of Epigenetic Drift within the Cardiovascular Compartment.
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DOI：
10.1155/2016/2465763
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Murphy RP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wallace RG;Twomey LC;Custaud MA;Moyna N;Cummins PM;Mangone M;Murphy RP
生物标志物包括一系列不同的可测量指标，代表了与体内发生的生理变化的有形联系。可及性、敏感性和特异性是生物标志物适宜性的重要因素。新的生物标记物不断被发现，关于适当选择和评估其有用性的问题仍然存在。如果传统的炎症标志物的特异性不够强，那么也许其他检测方法可以提供更多的信息。表观遗传漂变（随年龄直接发生的表观遗传修饰）及其辅助因素，包括血小板、分泌微囊泡（MVs）和microRNA (miRNA)，可能具有巨大的预测潜力。在血液中观察到的大多数表观遗传漂变与血细胞组成的变化无关，解决了影响传统血液生物标志物功效的问题。mv存在于健康人的血浆和其他生物体液中。MV/miRNA谱的改变也可能在不同疾病的个体中发现。血小板也高度反映了生理和生活方式的变化，使它们成为人类健康的极其敏感的生物标志物。血小板在各种刺激和多种疾病状态下释放增加的MVs水平，这表明对其他细胞类型的功能影响。
Biomarkers encompass a wide range of different measurable indicators, representing a tangible link to physiological changes occurring within the body. Accessibility, sensitivity, and specificity are significant factors in biomarker suitability. New biomarkers continue to be discovered, and questions over appropriate selection and assessment of their usefulness remain. If traditional markers of inflammation are not sufficiently robust in their specificity, then perhaps alternative means of detection may provide more information. Epigenetic drift (epigenetic modifications as they occur as a direct function with age), and its ancillary elements, including platelets, secreted microvesicles (MVs), and microRNA (miRNA), may hold enormous predictive potential. The majority of epigenetic drift observed in blood is independent of variations in blood cell composition, addressing concerns affecting traditional blood-based biomarker efficacy. MVs are found in plasma and other biological fluids in healthy individuals. Altered MV/miRNA profiles may also be found in individuals with various diseases. Platelets are also highly reflective of physiological and lifestyle changes, making them extremely sensitive biomarkers of human health. Platelets release increased levels of MVs in response to various stimuli and under a plethora of disease states, which demonstrate a functional effect on other cell types.