Optical clearing mechanisms characterization in muscle
Optical clearing mechanisms characterization in muscle
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DOI：
10.1142/s1793545816500358
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Tuchin, Valery V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Oliveira, Luis;Carvalho, M. Ines;Tuchin, Valery V.
光学浸没透明化是一种已被广泛研究了二十多年的技术，用于在生物组织中产生一种暂时的透明效果。如果与临床方法配合应用，它可优化诊断和治疗过程。该技术通过两种主要机制——组织脱水以及组织成分之间的折射率（RI）匹配，使生物组织变得更加透明。这种匹配是通过用一种具有更高RI的生物相容性试剂部分替代组织间隙的水来实现的，并且通过体内自然再水化或体外组织的辅助再水化可以完全逆转。有必要获取实验数据来表征和区分这两种机制，并寻找新的机制。我们使用一种简单的方法，基于对处理中的肌肉样本进行的准直透射率和厚度测量，估算了用于进行这种表征和区分的葡萄糖、乙二醇（EG）和水的扩散特性。将这些特性与文献中描述它们在水中扩散的数据进行比较，我们观察到肌肉细胞膜的通透性限制了试剂和水在肌肉中的扩散。相同的实验数据还能够计算光学透明化（OC）效率，并对治疗过程中肌肉内部发生的变化进行解释。现在，相同的方法可用于对其他试剂和其他组织进行类似的研究，以便在设计廉价且稳健的技术时解决工程问题，从而显著改进具有更好对比度和深度成像的光学层析技术。
Optical immersion clearing is a technique that has been widely studied for more than two decades and that is used to originate a temporary transparency effect in biological tissues. If applied in cooperation with clinical methods it provides optimization of diagnosis and treatment procedures. This technique turns biological tissues more transparent through two main mechanisms - tissue dehydration and refractive index (RI) matching between tissue components. Such matching is obtained by partial replacement of interstitial water by a biocompatible agent that presents higher RI and it can be completely reversible by natural rehydration in vivo or by assisted rehydration in ex vivo tissues. Experimental data to characterize and discriminate between the two mechanisms and to find new ones are necessary. Using a simple method, based on collimated transmittance and thickness measurements made from muscle samples under treatment, we have estimated the diffusion properties of glucose, ethylene glycol (EG) and water that were used to perform such characterization and discrimination. Comparing these properties with data from literature that characterize their diffusion in water we have observed that muscle cell membrane permeability limits agent and water diffusion in the muscle. The same experimental data has allowed to calculate the optical clearing (OC) efficiency and make an interpretation of the internal changes that occurred in muscle during the treatments. The same methodology can now be used to perform similar studies with other agents and in other tissues in order to solve engineering problems at design of inexpensive and robust technologies for a considerable improvement of optical tomographic techniques with better contrast and in-depth imaging.