Lifelong Residential Exposure to Green Space and Attention: A Population-based Prospective Study.
Lifelong Residential Exposure to Green Space and Attention: A Population-based Prospective Study.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp694
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发表时间：
2017-09-18
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Sunyer J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dadvand P;Tischer C;Estarlich M;Llop S;Dalmau-Bueno A;López-Vicente M;Valentín A;de Keijzer C;Fernández-Somoano A;Lertxundi N;Rodriguez-Dehli C;Gascon M;Guxens M;Zugna D;Basagaña X;Nieuwenhuijsen MJ;Ibarluzea J;Ballester F;Sunyer J
自然环境，包括绿色空间，可能对大脑发育有有益的影响。然而，长期暴露于绿色空间和儿童认知发展（包括注意力）之间的关联的纵向证据是有限的。我们评估了学龄前和小学早期的绿色空间终身住宅暴露与注意力之间的关联。这项纵向研究基于西班牙两个成熟的基于人口的出生队列的数据。我们评估了终身暴露于住宅周围的绿化和树木覆盖的平均卫星为基础的归一化差异植被指数和植被连续字段，分别在出生时，4-5岁，7岁的儿童的居住地址。使用两种基于计算机的测试来表征注意力：4-5岁时的Conners' Kiddie连续性能测试（K-CPT）（）和7岁时的注意力网络任务（ANT）（）。我们使用调整后的混合效应模型和队列随机效应来估计4-5岁和7岁时接触绿色和注意力之间的关联。较高的终身居住环境绿化与较少的K-CPT遗漏错误和较低的K-CPT击中反应时间标准误（HRT-SE）在4-5年和较低的ANT HRT-SE在7年，与更好的注意力一致。这种暴露与K-CPT佣金错误或ANT遗漏或佣金错误无关。与住宅周围的树木覆盖的关联也接近零，或为负（ANT HRT-SE），但没有统计学意义。在我们的纵向队列中，暴露于住宅周围的绿色环境与4-5岁和7岁时注意力测试的更好分数相关。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP694
Natural environments, including green spaces, may have beneficial impacts on brain development. However, longitudinal evidence of an association between long-term exposure to green spaces and cognitive development (including attention) in children is limited. We evaluated the association between lifelong residential exposure to green space and attention during preschool and early primary school years. This longitudinal study was based on data from two well-established population-based birth cohorts in Spain. We assessed lifelong exposure to residential surrounding greenness and tree cover as the average of satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index and vegetation continuous fields, respectively, surrounding the child’s residential addresses at birth, 4–5 y, and 7 y. Attention was characterized using two computer-based tests: Conners’ Kiddie Continuous Performance Test (K-CPT) at 4–5 y () and Attentional Network Task (ANT) at 7 y (). We used adjusted mixed effects models with cohort random effects to estimate associations between exposure to greenness and attention at ages 4–5 and 7 y. Higher lifelong residential surrounding greenness was associated with fewer K-CPT omission errors and lower K-CPT hit reaction time-standard error (HRT-SE) at 4–5 y and lower ANT HRT-SE at 7 y, consistent with better attention. This exposure was not associated with K-CPT commission errors or with ANT omission or commission errors. Associations with residential surrounding tree cover also were close to the null, or were negative (for ANT HRT-SE) but not statistically significant. Exposure to residential surrounding greenness was associated with better scores on tests of attention at 4–5 y and 7 y of age in our longitudinal cohort. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP694