A Biobattery Capsule for Ingestible Electronics in the Small Intestine: Biopower Production from Intestinal Fluids Activated Germination of Exoelectrogenic Bacterial Endospores
A Biobattery Capsule for Ingestible Electronics in the Small Intestine: Biopower Production from Intestinal Fluids Activated Germination of Exoelectrogenic Bacterial Endospores
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DOI：
10.1002/aenm.202202581
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发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
27.8
通讯作者：
Maryam Rezaie;Z. Rafiee;Seokheun Choi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Maryam Rezaie;Z. Rafiee;Seokheun Choi
功能性可摄取胶囊为过多的诊断和治疗应用提供了巨大的希望。然而，现实和实用的电源解决方案的缺乏极大地阻碍了可摄取电子产品的发展。微生物燃料电池（MFC）作为此类设备的电源具有巨大的潜力，因为小肠环境保持稳定的内部温度和中性pH值。这些条件以及富含营养的有机物的持续供应是产生持久电力的完美环境。虽然以前的小规模MFC已经证明了许多有前途的应用，但人们对在人类肠道环境中发电的潜力知之甚少。在这里，这项工作报告的设计和操作的微生物生物电池胶囊可摄取的应用。枯草芽孢杆菌内生孢子是一种可储存的阳极生物催化剂，当被富含营养的肠液复苏时，将提供按需供电。导电、多孔、聚（3，4-亚乙基二氧噻吩）聚苯乙烯磺酸盐水凝胶阳极可在世界上最小的MFC中实现上级电气性能。此外，富氧阴极即使在缺氧的肠道环境中也能保持其有效的阴极能力。作为在刺激肠液中的概念验证演示，生物电池胶囊产生470 µA cm−2的电流密度和98 µW cm−2的功率密度，确保其作为小肠可摄入应用的新型和唯一电源的实际功效。
Functioning ingestible capsules offer tremendous promise for a plethora of diagnostic and therapeutic applications. However, the absence of realistic and practical power solutions has greatly hindered the development of ingestible electronics. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) hold great potential as power sources for such devices as the small intestinal environment maintains a steady internal temperature and a neutral pH. Those conditions and the constant supply of nutrient‐rich organics are a perfect environment to generate long‐lasting power. Although previous small‐scale MFCs have demonstrated many promising applications, little is known about the potential for generating power in the human gut environment. Here, this work reports the design and operation of a microbial biobattery capsule for ingestible applications. Dormant Bacillus subtilis endospores are a storable anodic biocatalyst that will provide on‐demand power when revived by nutrient‐rich intestinal fluids. A conductive, porous, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate hydrogel anode enables superior electrical performance in what is the world's smallest MFC. Moreover, an oxygen‐rich cathode maintains its effective cathodic capability even in the oxygen‐deficit intestinal environment. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration in stimulated intestinal fluid, the biobattery capsule produces a current density of 470 µA cm−2 and a power density of 98 µW cm−2, ensuring its practical efficacy as a novel and sole power source for ingestible applications in the small intestine.