CHECKPOINTS - CONTROLS THAT ENSURE THE ORDER OF CELL-CYCLE EVENTS
CHECKPOINTS - CONTROLS THAT ENSURE THE ORDER OF CELL-CYCLE EVENTS
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DOI：
10.1126/science.2683079
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发表时间：
1989-11-03
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
WEINERT, TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HARTWELL, LH;WEINERT, TA
大多数生物体的细胞周期的事件被安排成依赖性途径，其中晚期事件的启动依赖于早期事件的完成。例如，在真核生物中，有丝分裂依赖于DNA合成的完成。一些依赖性可以通过突变来缓解（有丝分裂可能在DNA合成完成之前发生），这表明依赖性是由于控制机制而不是事件本身的内在特征。在细胞周期中执行依赖性的控制机制在这里称为检查点。检查点的消除可能导致细胞死亡，染色体或其他细胞器分布的不精确性，或对环境扰动（如DNA损伤剂）的易感性增加。在某些生物体的早期胚胎发育过程中，某些检查点似乎被消除了;这一事实可能对胚胎细胞分裂的保真度造成特殊问题。
The events of the cell cycle of most organisms are ordered into dependent pathways in which the initiation of late events is dependent on the completion of early events. In eukaryotes, for example, mitosis is dependent on the completion of DNA synthesis. Some dependencies can be relieved by mutation (mitosis may then occur before completion of DNA synthesis), suggesting that the dependency is due to a control mechanism and not an intrinsic feature of the events themselves. Control mechanisms enforcing dependency in the cell cycle are here called checkpoints. Elimination of checkpoints may result in cell death, infidelity in the distribution of chromosomes or other organelles, or increased susceptibility to environmental perturbations such as DNA damaging agents. It appears that some checkpoints are eliminated during the early embryonic development of some organisms; this fact may pose special problems for the fidelity of embryonic cell division.