Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi Among Eleven Potential Reservoir Species from Six States Across the Southern United States
Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi Among Eleven Potential Reservoir Species from Six States Across the Southern United States
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DOI：
10.1089/vbz.2009.0009
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Yabsley, Michael J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brown, Emily L.;Roellig, Dawn M.;Yabsley, Michael J.
克氏锥虫（Trypanosoma cruzi）是南美锥虫病（Chagas' disease）的病原体，是拉丁美洲的重大公共卫生问题。虽然在美国的人类和家畜中很少见，但T。克鲁兹通常在一些野生动物物种中检测到，最常见的是浣熊（Procyonlotor）和弗吉尼亚负鼠（Didelphisvirginiana）。为了增加我们对宿主物种范围和地理分布的了解，来自六个州的11种哺乳动物跨越了已知的T。cruzi（亚利桑那州、加州、佛罗里达、格鲁吉亚、密苏里州和弗吉尼亚州）进行了T. cruzi使用间接免疫荧光抗体检测。此外，对来自格鲁吉亚和佛罗里达的有限数量动物进行了培养物隔离尝试。T的证据。除加州外，在每个州都发现了cruzi;然而，在加州测试了少量已知的储层。总体而言，浣熊（0-68%）和负鼠（17-52%）的血清阳性率最高，但T.在来自亚利桑那州和格鲁吉亚的少量条纹臭鼬（Mephitis mephitis）、来自格鲁吉亚的山猫（Lynx rufus）、来自格鲁吉亚和弗吉尼亚州的两只郊狼（Canis latrans）以及来自亚利桑那州的一只环尾（Bassarcus astutus）中也发现了克鲁兹病毒。浣熊的基于培养的患病率显著高于负鼠;然而，来自格鲁吉亚和佛罗里达几个地理位置的浣熊和负鼠的血清阳性率没有差异，表明这两个物种在这些地区的暴露率相似。对于浣熊和负鼠来说，雌性的血清阳性率显着高于雄性。成年人和青少年之间以及在城市和农村地区捕获的动物之间的血清阳性率没有差异。结果表明，T. cruzi的流行因宿主种类、宿主特征和地理区域而异，并为指导今后对T. cruzi在美国
Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas' disease, is a substantial public health concern in Latin America. Although rare in humans and domestic animals in the United States, T. cruzi is commonly detected in some wildlife species, most commonly raccoons (Procyon lotor) and Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana). To increase our understanding of the reservoir host species range and geographic distribution, 11 species of mammals from six states spanning the known range of T. cruzi (Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Missouri, and Virginia) were tested for antibodies to T. cruzi using indirect immunofluorescent antibody testing. In addition, culture isolation attempts were conducted on a limited number of animals from Georgia and Florida. Evidence of T. cruzi was found in every state except California; however, low numbers of known reservoirs were tested in California. In general, the highest seroprevalence rates were found in raccoons (0-68%) and opossums (17-52%), but antibodies to T. cruzi were also detected in small numbers of striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) from Arizona and Georgia, bobcats (Lynx rufus) from Georgia, two coyotes (Canis latrans) from Georgia and Virginia, and a ringtail (Bassariscus astutus) from Arizona. Culture-based prevalence rates for raccoons were significantly greater than those for opossums; however, seroprevalences of raccoons and opossums from several geographic locations in Georgia and Florida were not different, indicating that exposure rates of these two species are similar within these areas. For both raccoons and opossums, seroprevalence was significantly higher in females than in males. No difference was detected in seroprevalence between adults and juveniles and between animals caught in urban and rural locations. Our results indicate that T. cruzi prevalence varies by host species, host characteristics, and geographic region and provides data to guide future studies on the natural history of T. cruzi in the United States.