Dead wood dependent organisms in one of the oldest protected forests of Europe: Investigating the contrasting effects of within-stand variation in a highly diversified environment
Dead wood dependent organisms in one of the oldest protected forests of Europe: Investigating the contrasting effects of within-stand variation in a highly diversified environment
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欧洲最古老的受保护森林之一中依赖死木的生物：研究高度多样化环境中林内变化的对比影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2015.12.041
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
D. Donato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Horák;Jiří Kout;Štěpán Vodka;D. Donato
原始森林是动态系统，其特点是高水平的精细尺度结构变异。这种变异性被认为是支持生物多样性的林分内提供了一系列的环境条件，如树冠开放度和枯木的丰度和质量。然而，许多类群，包括那些依赖于枯木，在老的生长站内的细尺度栖息地变异的反应仍然在许多温带森林研究不足。我们使用saponylic真菌和甲虫作为模型组，以测试的影响，林内变化的冠层开放度和枯木的数量和质量在一个古老的生长山毛榉为主的林地离开未管理的捷克共和国，因为至少1838年（Zofinsky prales和Hojna Voda）。对生境变异的反应在类群之间和类群内部都不同。物种组成的影响最大的冠层开放度，与甲虫社区积极响应开放，但真菌群落负响应。林冠开度对甲虫物种丰富度的影响最大，而红表甲虫物种数与枯枝落叶量的关系更密切。真菌与大量枯木显著相关，临界阈值超过每公顷300立方米。总体而言，真菌的反应比甲虫更复杂，前者更与不受干扰（封闭的树冠）补丁，后者与干扰/缺口补丁。这些结果表明，在古老的森林细尺度生境变异的作用，并提供了一个潜在的模式管理的森林。保持全方位的结构变异，包括干扰产生的差距和枯木口袋，将有助于维持更广泛的后期演替生物多样性。
Old-growth forests are dynamic systems characterized by high levels of fine-scale structural variability. This variability is thought to support biodiversity by providing a range of environmental conditions within stands, such as canopy openness and dead wood abundance and quality. However, the response of many taxa, including those dependent on dead wood, to fine-scale habitat variability within old-growth stands remains under-studied in many temperate forests. We used saproxylic fungi and beetles as model groups to test the influence of within-stand variation in canopy openness and dead wood quantity and quality in an old-growth beech-dominated woodland left unmanaged in the Czech Republic since at least 1838 (Zofinsky prales and Hojna Voda). Responses to habitat variability differed both between and within taxa. Species composition was most influenced by canopy openness, with the beetle community responding positively to openness but the fungal community responding negatively. Species richness of beetles was also most influenced by canopy openness, while the number of red-listed beetle species was more associated with dead wood quantity. Fungi were significantly associated with high amounts of dead wood, with a critical threshold exceeding 300 m3per hectare. Overall, fungal responses were more complex than for beetles, with the former more associated with undisturbed (closed-canopy) patches, and the latter with disturbed/gapped patches. These results demonstrate the role of fine-scale habitat variability within old-growth forests and provide a potential model for managed forests. Perpetuating a full range of structural variability, including disturbance-generated gaps and dead-wood pockets, will help sustain a broader range of late-successional biodiversity.