Trapper profiles and strategies: insights into sustainability from hunter behaviour
Trapper profiles and strategies: insights into sustainability from hunter behaviour
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-1795.2009.00279.x
复制
发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Milner-Gulland, E. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuempel, N. F.;Rowcliffe, J. M.;Milner-Gulland, E. J.
猎人是丛林肉供需之间的关键纽带。因此，了解驱动猎人行为的动机可能有助于预测狩猎的影响，并为丛林肉狩猎系统的管理提供信息。然而，尽管诱捕是中非最常见的狩猎形式，但在关于开发利用的研究中，猎人的行为，特别是诱捕者的行为，通常没有得到充分的说明。我们通过访谈、猎人跟踪和捕捞调查，收集了赤道几内亚大陆蒙特米特拉地区15个月来猎人概况和捕获量及努力量的数据。年轻的捕猎者，以及那些不是在村子里出生的人，被发现花费了最大的努力。捕兽者采用三种不同的策略，反映了不同程度的努力和影响：低影响的村庄捕兽者、中等影响的森林捕兽者和高影响的森林捕兽者。在不同的努力度量中，所花费的时间和行进的距离在预测捕集成功方面不如有效捕集器的数量重要，有效捕集器的数量包含了捕集器的年龄。定期检查捕集器对减少浪费和提高捕集器成功率非常重要。由于进入门槛较低，与猎枪相比利润更高，诱捕目前是蒙特米特拉的主要狩猎方式，但越来越多的枪支和弹药的可负担性和可获得性警告说，该地区未来可能会转向猎枪，这可能会对脆弱物种，特别是树栖灵长类动物产生不利影响。了解猎人的形象对狩猎努力和成功的影响，就可以预测社会经济变化对野生动物种群的影响，并采取管理行动提高狩猎的可持续性。
Hunters are the critical link between demand and supply of bushmeat. An understanding of the incentives that drive hunter behaviour might thus help to predict the impacts of hunting and inform management of bushmeat hunting systems. However, hunter behaviour has been generally under-represented in studies of exploitation, in particular trapper behaviour, despite the fact that trapping is the most common form of hunting in central Africa. We collected data on hunter profiles and measures of catch and effort over 15 months in the Monte Mitra area of continental Equatorial Guinea, through interviews, hunter follows and an offtake survey. Younger trappers, and those not born in the village, were found to expend the greatest trapping effort. Trappers operated under three distinct strategies, reflecting different levels of effort and impact: low-impact village trappers, medium-impact forest trappers and high-impact forest trappers. Among different measures of effort, time expended and distance travelled were found to be less important in predicting trapping success than the number of effective traps, a measure that incorporates trap age. Regular checking of traps was found to be important in reducing wastage and therefore increases trapping success. Trapping is currently the main hunting method in Monte Mitra, due to lower barriers to entry and higher profits compared with gun hunting, but increasing affordability and availability of guns and cartridges warns of a possible future switch to gun hunting in the area, which is likely to have adverse impacts on vulnerable species, particularly arboreal primates. An understanding of the influence of a hunter's profile on hunting effort and success enables a prediction of the impacts of socioeconomic changes on wildlife populations and management actions to improve hunting sustainability.