Hematopoietic stem cell cryopreservation: a review of current techniques.
Hematopoietic stem cell cryopreservation: a review of current techniques.
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DOI：
10.1089/scd.1.1992.1.233
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发表时间：
1992-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rowley, S D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rowley, S D
造血干细胞 (HSC) 可以在低温下长期保存。目前使用的技术源自 1949 年关于在甘油中冷冻保存牛精子的最初报告。添加这种渗透性冷冻保护剂可以保护细胞免受与冰形成相关的损伤。目前的冷冻保存技术（有微小的变化）将细胞悬浮在盐、蛋白质和一种或多种冷冻保护剂的水溶液中。细胞以低速冷冻，通常储存在机械冷冻机或氮气冰箱中低于-120摄氏度。这些细胞在接受骨髓致死性预处理方案治疗的患者体内的移植表明，这些技术成功地维持了 HSC 的活力。然而，冷冻保护剂溶液的成分、冷冻过程中的细胞浓度、冷冻保护剂毒性和储存温度等问题尚未得到充分研究，主要是因为缺乏适当的 HSC 冷冻存活测定。随着新的 HSC 采集和处理技术的开发，HSC 冷冻生物学将成为一个越来越重要的学科。使用改良的冷冻保护剂溶液改善 HSC 的冷冻存活率可以改善植入动力学并降低自体移植的成本和发病率。
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) can be stored for prolonged periods at cryogenic temperatures. The techniques currently used were derived from the initial report in 1949 of cryopreservation of bovine sperm in glycerol. The addition of this penetrating cryoprotectant protected the cells from the injury associated with ice formation. Current cryopreservation techniques (with minor variations) suspend cells in an aqueous solution of salts, protein, and one or more cryoprotectants. Cells are frozen at slow rates and stored generally below -120 degrees C in mechanical freezers or nitrogen refrigerators. That these techniques are successful in maintaining HSC viability is evident from the engraftment of these cells in patients treated with marrow-lethal conditioning regimens. However, issues such as the composition of the cryoprotectant solution, cell concentration during freezing, cryoprotectant toxicity, and storage temperatures have not been adequately studied, primarily because of a lack of appropriate assays for HSC cryosurvival. HSC cryobiology will become an increasingly important subject as new HSC collection and processing techniques are developed. Improved cryosurvival of HSC using modified cryoprotectant solutions may improve engraftment kinetics and decrease the cost and morbidity of autologous transplantation.