Fuzzy Assessment of Ecological Security on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Based on Pressure-State-Response Framework
Fuzzy Assessment of Ecological Security on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Based on Pressure-State-Response Framework
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DOI：
10.3390/rs15051293
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发表时间：
2023-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tong Lu;Changjia Li;Wenxin Zhou;Yan-xu Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tong Lu;Changjia Li;Wenxin Zhou;Yan-xu Liu
过去二十年来，气候变化和人类活动给青藏高原造成了土地退化、生物多样性丧失等一系列生态风险。因此，评估生态安全及其可持续发展驱动力势在必行。然而，目前对青藏高原生态安全的空间认识以及地理驱动力仍然缺乏。本研究采用压力-状态-响应（PSR）框架以及耦合模糊和障碍度模型来评估青藏高原生态安全的空间格局和调节因素。高原东南部表现出较高的气压和状态水平，表明由于良好的自然条件，人口和经济发展活动集中在这些地区。青藏高原生态安全评价值偏低，中值为47.4（满分100）。确定了7个生态安全水平较低的地区，根据当地自然经济条件，有针对性地实施规划和治理措施。人口密度、植被净初级生产力指数（NPP）和单位面积GDP是调节青藏高原生态安全的主要因素，障碍物占比分别为17.52%、13.20%和12.97%。这些成果加深了对生态安全主要脆弱区和主要驱动力的认识，为优化青藏高原生态安全格局提供了关键信息。
Climate change and human activities have caused a wide range of ecological risks in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) over the past two decades, such as land degradation and biodiversity loss. Therefore, it is imperative to assess the ecological security and drivers for its sustainable development. However, there still lacks a spatial understanding of ecological security in the QTP, as well as the geographic driving forces. In this study, a pressure–state–response (PSR) framework and the coupled fuzzy and obstacle degree models were used to evaluate the spatial pattern and factors that modulate ecological security of the QTP. The southeast of the plateau exhibited high pressure and state levels, indicating that population and economic development activities were concentrated in these regions owing to the good natural conditions. The ecological security evaluation value of the QTP is moderately low, with a median value of 47.4 (the full mark is 100). Seven regions with low ecological security were identified where targeted planning and governance measures should be implemented based on the local natural and economic conditions. Population density, net primary productivity index (NPP) of vegetation, and GDP per unit area were the main factors that modulated ecological security in the QTP, with obstacles accounting for 17.52%, 13.20%, and 12.97%, respectively. These results improve our understanding of the major vulnerable areas and main driving forces of ecological security, providing key information for optimization of ecological security pattern in the QTP.