Tactile foveation in the star-nosed mole
Tactile foveation in the star-nosed mole
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DOI：
10.1159/000073755
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Remple, FE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Catania, KC;Remple, FE
星鼻鼹鼠有一个专门的体感系统，鼻孔周围有 22 个机械感觉附属物。一对附肢（腹侧中线上的第 11 对）充当触觉中央凹，用于详细调查。在这里，我们使用高速摄像机记录了鼹鼠寻找小猎物时恒星的运动。鼹鼠的觅食行为非常快；这颗直径刚刚超过一厘米的恒星每秒大约接触环境的不同区域 13 次。这表明鼹鼠不间断地觅食每小时可能探索 46,000 cm(2) 的表面积。在 526 项识别并吃掉猎物的试验中，100% 的星鼻鼹鼠进行了快速的星状扫视运动，以用中心凹附肢调查所接触的猎物。恒星的运动与其他物种的视觉扫视相似。恒星在扫视期间的最大速度约为 40 厘米/秒，大多数扫视持续时间在 30 到 60 毫秒之间。与灵长类动物的视觉系统一样，通常需要进行小的校正扫视才能准确地定位中心凹。我们量化了每次遭遇期间不同附肢与不同大小的猎物的接触次数，并将这种分布与之前提出的猎物遭遇期间恒星运动的模拟进行了比较。行为模式和模拟产生了附肢和猎物之间相似的接触分布，并且这两种分布都与初级体感皮层（S1）中附肢表征的皮层放大程度密切相关。版权所有 (C) 2004 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔。
Star-nosed moles have a specialized somatosensory system with 22 mechanosensory appendages surrounding the nostrils. A pair of appendages ( the 11th pair on the ventral midline) acts as the tactile fovea and is used for detailed investigations. Here we used a high speed video camera to document movements of the star while moles searched for small prey items. Mole foraging behavior was very fast; the star, which is just over a centimeter in diameter, was touched to different areas of the environment approximately 13 times per second. This suggests that a mole foraging without interruption could potentially investigate 46,000 cm(2) of surface area per hour. In 100% of 526 trials in which prey was identified and eaten, star-nosed moles made rapid, saccadic movements of the star to investigate the contacted prey with the foveal appendages. The movements of the star were similar to visual saccades in other species. Maximum velocity of the star during saccades was approximately 40 cm/s, and most saccades were between 30 and 60 ms in duration. As in the primate visual system, small corrective saccades were often needed to accurately foveate. We quantified the number of contacts different appendages made with prey items of various sizes during each encounter and compared this distribution to a previously proposed simulation of star movements during prey encounters. The behavior pattern and the simulation produced similar distributions of contact between the appendages and prey, and both distributions were closely correlated with the degree of cortical magnification of the appendage representations in primary somatosensory cortex ( S1). Copyright (C) 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel.