Host compatibility interacts with seed dispersal to determine small-scale distribution of a mistletoe in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China
Host compatibility interacts with seed dispersal to determine small-scale distribution of a mistletoe in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China
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DOI：
10.1093/jpe/rtv024
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Zhang, Ling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo, Yahuang;Sui, Yi;Zhang, Ling
目的种内和种间宿主之间的槲寄生感染可以受到种子传播、宿主-槲寄生相容性和其他因素的限制，但很少有研究将种子传播和幼苗建立联系起来，以了解槲寄生植物在不同人为干扰森林中的分布和人口统计学在当地规模的森林类型。本研究的目的是研究三个因素-种子传播行为，传播后的主机兼容性和冠层覆盖-如何影响一个广生槲寄生Dendrophthoepentandra（桑寄生科）在西双版纳，中国西南部的种植园林和热带雨林的空间分布。在西双版纳邻近的种植园和热带雨林中，在单株和16个400-m2森林样地的尺度上，研究了五蕊花的感染格局。为了阐明在不同尺度和不同林型下的感染模式，我们观察了主要鸟类种子传播者的行为，并进行了种子接种实验，以研究传播后的相容性和光照对不同宿主感染的影响。种植园的感染率和感染强度明显高于热带森林。不同的种子传播者提供了对比鲜明的初始槲寄生模板：专家frugivore Dicaeum concolor（普通的啄木鸟）更喜欢在种植园中受感染树木的槲寄生之间飞行，并可能加剧现有的感染。相比之下，饮食多面手Pycnonotus jocosus（红须白头翁）更有可能访问未感染的树木，从而建立新的感染。因此，种子传播似乎是一个重要的决定因素的槲寄生分布，沉积模式提供了一个初始的分布模板，并确定小规模的模式。然而，扩散后和非生物因素表明，不同的宿主相容性和不同生境的光照水平影响了D。五蕊幼苗因此，我们的研究结果表明，种子传播与主机兼容性和冠层覆盖，以确定建立成功，生存和观察到的分布格局。
AimsMistletoe infection between intra-and interspecific hosts can be restricted by seed dispersal, host-mistletoe compatibility and other factors, yet few studies have linked seed dispersal and seedling establishment together for understanding mistletoe plant distribution and demography together in different anthropogenic disturbance forest types at a local scale. The objectives of this study were to examine how three factors-seed disperser behavior, post-dispersal host compatibility and canopy cover-affect the spatial distribution of a generalist mistletoe Dendrophthoe pentandra (Loranthaceae) in plantation and rainforest within Xishuangbanna, Southwest China.MethodsWe observed mistletoe D. pentandra infection patterns at the scale of individual trees and sixteen 400-m(2) forest plots in adjacent plantation and rainforest within Xishuangbanna. To elucidate what determines infection patterns at different scales and in different forest types, we observed the behavior of major avian seed dispersers and carried out a seed inoculation experiment to examine how post-dispersal compatibility and light incidence affect the infection of different hosts.Important FindingsDendrophthoe pentandra displayed an aggregated distribution and infected 10 species in our study site, with a significantly higher infection prevalence and intensity in the plantation than in the tropical forest. Different seed dispersers provided contrasting initial mistletoe templates: the specialist frugivore Dicaeum concolor (plain flowerpecker) preferred to fly between mistletoes in infected trees in the plantation and likely intensified existing infections. In contrast, the dietary generalist Pycnonotus jocosus (red-whiskered bulbul) was more likely to visit uninfected trees, thereby establishing new infections. Thus, seed dispersal appears to be an important determinant of the mistletoes distribution, with deposition patterns providing an initial distribution template and determining small-scale patterns. However, post-dispersal and abiotic factors revealed that different host compatibilities and levels of light incidence in different habitats affected the survival of D. pentandra seedlings. Hence, our findings suggest that seed dispersal interacts with host compatibility and canopy cover to determine establishment success, survival and the observed distribution patterns.