Soy isoflavones and prostate cancer: a review of molecular mechanisms.
Soy isoflavones and prostate cancer: a review of molecular mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.12.010
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Bosland, Maarten C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mahmoud, Abeer M.;Yang, Wancai;Bosland, Maarten C.
大豆异黄酮是一种饮食成分，已被证明与降低亚洲人群患前列腺癌(PCA)的风险有关。然而，这些异黄酮类化合物阻止前列腺癌发生或进展的确切机制尚不完全清楚。越来越多的动物和体外研究试图阐明这些机制。大豆制品中的主要和最具生物活性的异黄酮，染料木素、大豆苷元、马酚和甘油素，在某些动物模型中可以抑制前列腺癌的发生。基于细胞的研究表明，大豆异黄酮调节控制细胞周期和细胞凋亡的基因。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了与分子事件相关的文献，这些分子事件可能解释了大豆异黄酮在预防或治疗前列腺癌中的益处。这些报道表明，虽然大豆异黄酮诱导的PCa细胞生长停滞和凋亡是可能的机制，但其他化学保护机制也值得考虑。这些可能的机制包括抗氧化防御、DNA修复、抑制血管生成和转移、增强放化疗药物以及拮抗雌激素和雄激素介导的信号通路。此外，癌症环境中的其他细胞，如成纤维细胞基质细胞、内皮细胞和免疫细胞，可能是大豆异黄酮的靶点，这可能有助于大豆介导的前列腺癌预防。在这篇综述中，讨论了这些机制，以及对剂量和已使用的临床前模型的考虑。
Soy isoflavones are dietary components for which an association has been demonstrated with reduced risk of prostate cancer (PCa) in Asian populations. However, the exact mechanism by which these isoflavones may prevent the development or progression of PCa is not completely understood. There are a growing number of animal and in vitro studies that have attempted to elucidate these mechanisms. The predominant and most biologically active isoflavones in soy products, genistein, daidzein, equol, and glycetin, inhibit prostate carcinogenesis in some animal models. Cell-based studies show that soy isoflavones regulate genes that control cell cycle and apoptosis. In this review, we discuss the literature relevant to the molecular events that may account for the benefit of soy isoflavones in PCa prevention or treatment. These reports show that although soy isoflavone-induced growth arrest and apoptosis of PCa cells are plausible mechanisms, other chemo protective mechanisms are also worthy of consideration. These possible mechanisms include antioxidant defense, DNA repair, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis, potentiation of radio- and chemotherapeutic agents, and antagonism of estrogen- and androgen-mediated signaling pathways. Moreover, other cells in the cancer milieu, such as the fibroblastic stromal cells, endothelial cells, and immune cells, may be targeted by soy isoflavones, which may contribute to soy-mediated prostate cancer prevention. In this review, these mechanisms are discussed along with considerations about the doses and the preclinical models that have been used.
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