Diarrhoea prevalence in children under five years of age in rural Burundi: an assessment of social and behavioural factors at the household level.
Diarrhoea prevalence in children under five years of age in rural Burundi: an assessment of social and behavioural factors at the household level.
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DOI：
10.3402/gha.v7.24895
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Marx M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diouf K;Tabatabai P;Rudolph J;Marx M
腹泻是全世界儿童死亡的第二大原因。低收入和中等收入国家尤其承受着这种可预防和可治疗的疾病的负担。有针对性的干预措施包括提供安全用水、使用卫生设施和卫生教育，但各地的实施效果各不相同。旨在确定布隆迪农村五岁以下儿童腹泻的患病率及其相关因素。对布隆迪西北部的 551 个农村家庭进行了一项横断面调查。调查领域包括 1) 社会人口统计信息、2) 腹泻期患病率和治疗、3) 行为和知识、4) 社会经济指标、5) 获得水和水链以及 6) 环境卫生和个人/儿童卫生。共有 903 名儿童入学。总体腹泻患病率为32.6%。 46% (n=255) 的家庭从改良水源获取饮用水，只有 3% (n=17) 能够获得改良的卫生设施。我们发现，主要看护人接受过卫生教育（17.9%）、使用前喝过开水（19.4%）且年龄在 40 岁或以上（17.9%）的儿童腹泻患病率较低。腹泻与母亲年龄小于 25 岁以及认为腹泻无法预防等因素有关。在腹泻患病率或看护者的治疗决定方面没有发现性别差异。通过卫生教育和家庭用水点处理（例如煮沸）可以减少腹泻患病率。为了最大限度地提高对特定农村环境中儿童健康的影响，未来的干预措施必须确保在家庭和社区层面进行系统和定期的卫生教育。
Diarrhoea is the second leading cause of child mortality worldwide. Low- and middle-income countries are particularly burdened with this both preventable and treatable condition. Targeted interventions include the provision of safe water, the use of sanitation facilities and hygiene education, but are implemented with varying local success. To determine the prevalence of and factors associated with diarrhoea in children under five years of age in rural Burundi. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 551 rural households in northwestern Burundi. Areas of inquiry included 1) socio-demographic information, 2) diarrhoea period prevalence and treatment, 3) behaviour and knowledge, 4) socio-economic indicators, 5) access to water and water chain as well as 6) sanitation and personal/children's hygiene. A total of 903 children were enrolled. The overall diarrhoea prevalence was 32.6%. Forty-six per cent (n=255) of households collected drinking water from improved water sources and only 3% (n=17) had access to improved sanitation. We found a lower prevalence of diarrhoea in children whose primary caretakers received hygiene education (17.9%), boiled water prior to its utilisation (19.4%) and were aged 40 or older (17.9%). Diarrhoea was associated with factors such as the mother's age being less than 25 and the conviction that diarrhoea could not be prevented. No gender differences were detected regarding diarrhoea prevalence or the caretaker's decision to treat. Diarrhoea prevalence can be reduced through hygiene education and point-of use household water treatment such as boiling. In order to maximise the impact on children's health in the given rural setting, future interventions must assure systematic and regular hygiene education at the household and community level.