Transcription of immune genes upon challenge with viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) in DNA vaccinated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Transcription of immune genes upon challenge with viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) in DNA vaccinated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.10.029
复制
发表时间：
2009-01-07
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Tafalla, C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cuesta, A.;Tafalla, C.
尽管DNA疫苗接种已被证明是控制鱼类弹状病毒的最有效方法之一，但负责保护的免疫机制仍然未知。许多研究都集中在研究哪些细胞因子和免疫基因在疫苗接种后的不同时间被触发。然而，为了阐明保护机制，据我们所知，研究先前接种过疫苗的鱼对病毒的免疫应答并将其与病毒可能对未接种疫苗的鱼产生的影响进行比较也具有重要意义。迄今为止，从未在鱼类中进行过此类研究。因此，在目前的工作中，我们接种虹鳟鱼（虹鳟鱼）与病毒性出血性败血症病毒（VHSV）的DNA疫苗，并在接种后30天，我们挑战的鱼与有毒的VHSV。然后，我们研究了鱼类感染后非常早期对病毒的免疫应答，以比较VHSV对接种或未接种的鳟鱼的影响。我们研究了白细胞介素1 β（IL-1 β），主要组织相容性，复合物（MHC）I类α和II α基因，免疫球蛋白M（IgM），CD 8 α，I型干扰素（IFN），Mx，IFN-γ和自然杀伤增强因子（NKEF）在头肾，脾脏和血液中的表达水平。当我们比较VHSV对接种疫苗的鱼的影响与用空质粒接种疫苗的鱼中产生的病毒的影响时，显著上调的基因是感染后第1天脾脏中的IL-1 β和MHC II α，感染后第1天所有器官中的MHC I α，以及感染后第1天和第3天脾脏和血液中的IFN和Mx。在这些接种疫苗的动物中，与特异性免疫应答增加相关的基因在对VHSV的应答中没有显著增加。结果表明，DNA疫苗接种诱导鱼类的记忆状态，与哺乳动物中发生的情况相反，在以后遇到病毒时引发非特异性免疫反应。(C)2008爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Even though DNA vaccination has proven as one of the most effective methods in controlling fish rhabdoviruses, the immune mechanisms responsible for protection are still unknown. Many studies have focused on studying which cytokines and immune genes are triggered in response to the vaccine at different times post-vaccination. However, to elucidate the mechanism(s) responsible for protection, to our understanding it is also of great relevance to study the immune response to the virus in fish that have been previously vaccinated and compare it to the effects that the virus might have on non-vaccinated fish. This type of study has never been performed to date in fish. Thus, in the current work, we vaccinated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with a DNA vaccine against viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), and 30 days post-vaccination we challenged the fish with a virulent VHSV. It was then, that we studied the immune response to the virus at very early times post-infection in fish, in order to compare the effects of VHSV on vaccinated or non-vaccinated trout. We studied the levels of expression of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), major histocompatibility, complex (MHC) class I alpha and II alpha genes, immunoglobulin M (IgM), CD8 alpha, type I interferon (IFN), Mx, IFN-gamma and natural killer enhancing factor (NKEF) in head kidney, spleen and blood. When we compared the effect that VHSV had on vaccinated fish to the effect that the virus produced in fish vaccinated with the empty plasmid, the genes that were significantly up-regulated were IL-1 beta and MHC II alpha in the spleen at day 1 post-infection, MHC I alpha in all organs at day 1 post-infection, and IFN and Mx in the spleen and blood at days 1 and 3 post-infection, respectively. Genes that correlate with an increased specific immune response were not significantly increased in response to VHSV in these vaccinated animals. The results suggest that DNA vaccination induces a memory state in fish that, on the contrary to what would occur in mammals, primes the non-specific immune responses upon a later encounter with the virus. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.