Island biogeography of soil bacteria and fungi: similar patterns, but different mechanisms
Island biogeography of soil bacteria and fungi: similar patterns, but different mechanisms
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土壤细菌和真菌的岛屿生物地理学：相似的模式，但不同的机制
DOI：
10.1038/s41396-020-0657-8
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发表时间：
2020-04-27
期刊：
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Jiang, Lin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Shao-peng;Wang, Pandeng;Jiang, Lin
微生物与植物和动物相似，表现出生物地理模式。然而，与关于高等生物的岛屿生物地理学的大量知识相比，我们对岛屿内和岛屿之间的微生物分布知之甚少。在这里，我们探索了岛屿土壤细菌和真菌的生物地理学和潜在的机制，使用一组陆桥岛屿的土壤微生物群作为模式系统。与在许多大型生物中观察到的岛屿物种-面积关系相似，岛屿尺度的细菌和真菌多样性都随着岛屿面积的增加而增加；然而，这两种多样性都不受岛屿隔离的影响。相比之下，细菌和真菌群落在岛屿内表现出惊人的不同组装模式。较小岛屿上细菌多样性的丧失主要是由于样本内多样性的系统性下降，而较小岛屿上真菌多样性的丧失主要是由于样本之间群落组成的同质化。较低的土壤水分限制了样本内的细菌多样性，而较小的样本之间的空间距离限制了较小岛屿上的样本间真菌多样性。这些结果表明，岛屿间栖息地质量的差异产生了细菌岛物种-区域关系，而岛内扩散限制产生了真菌岛物种-区域关系。总之，我们的研究表明，不同的机制是土壤细菌和真菌类似的岛屿生物地理模式的基础。
Microbes, similar to plants and animals, exhibit biogeographic patterns. However, in contrast with the considerable knowledge on the island biogeography of higher organisms, we know little about the distribution of microorganisms within and among islands. Here, we explored insular soil bacterial and fungal biogeography and underlying mechanisms, using soil microbiota from a group of land-bridge islands as a model system. Similar to island species-area relationships observed for many macroorganisms, both island-scale bacterial and fungal diversity increased with island area; neither diversity, however, was affected by island isolation. By contrast, bacterial and fungal communities exhibited strikingly different assembly patterns within islands. The loss of bacterial diversity on smaller islands was driven primarily by the systematic decline of diversity within samples, whereas the loss of fungal diversity on smaller islands was driven primarily by the homogenization of community composition among samples. Lower soil moisture limited within-sample bacterial diversity, whereas smaller spatial distances among samples restricted among-sample fungal diversity, on smaller islands. These results indicate that among-island differences in habitat quality generate the bacterial island species-area relationship, whereas within-island dispersal limitation generates the fungal island species-area relationship. Together, our study suggests that different mechanisms underlie similar island biogeography patterns of soil bacteria and fungi.