Causal thinking and support for climate change policies: International survey findings
Causal thinking and support for climate change policies: International survey findings
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.09.012
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Saelensminde, Ingrid
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bostrom, Ann;O'Connor, Robert E.;Saelensminde, Ingrid
很少有国际比较研究描述人们愿意支持的气候变化政策，以及他们支持不同政策的原因。利用来自奥地利、孟加拉国、芬兰、德国、挪威和美国的664名经济学和商科本科生的调查数据，我们探索了气候变化的感知风险特征和心理模型如何影响对政策选择的支持。一般绿色政策，如资助可再生技术研究和植树，是压倒性最受欢迎的政策选择。大约一半的学生支持碳减排政策，如要求提高汽车燃油效率和增加化石燃料税。最不受欢迎的是工程替代方案，如给海洋施肥和用核能取代化石燃料。各国之间的差异通常很小。支持不同的政策选择对应着不同的因果思维。那些持有气候变化原因污染模型的人倾向于指责环境危害(例如，有毒化学品造成的空气污染)，认为一般的绿色政策替代方案是有效的，并支持一般的绿色政策。支持碳减排战略与将碳排放视为原因和将减少碳排放视为有效解决方案相关。识别成因中的火山并认为工程解决方案是有效的，从而增加了对工程解决方案的支持。尽管这些国际学生同意气候变化是一个危险的问题，但他们的因果思维与对不同缓解政策行动的支持相关，最受欢迎的政策行动不一定是最有效的。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Few comparative international studies describe the climate change policies people are willing to support and the reasons for their support of different policies. Using survey data from 664 economics and business undergraduates in Austria, Bangladesh, Finland, Germany, Norway, and the United States, we explore how perceived risk characteristics and mental models of climate change influence support for policy alternatives. General green policies such as funding research on renewable technologies and planting trees were the overwhelmingly most popular policy alternatives. Around half the students support carbon reduction policies such as requiring higher car fuel efficiency and increasing taxes on fossil fuels. Least popular were engineering alternatives such as fertilizing the oceans and replacing fossil fuels with nuclear power. Variations among nations are generally small. Support for different policy alternatives corresponds with different causal thinking. Those who hold a pollution model of the causes of climate change, tend to blame environmental harms (e.g., air pollution from toxic chemicals), see general green policy alternatives as effective, and support general green policies. Support of carbon reduction strategies is associated with seeing carbon emissions as the cause and reducing carbon emissions as effective solutions. Support of engineering solutions increases with identifying volcanoes among causes and regarding engineering solutions as effective. Although these international students agree that climate change is a threatening problem, their causal thinking correlates with support for different mitigative policy actions, with the most popular ones not necessarily the most effective. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.