Bacteria richness and antibiotic-resistance in bats from a protected area in the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil
Bacteria richness and antibiotic-resistance in bats from a protected area in the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0203411
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发表时间：
2018-09-14
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Rassy, Fabricio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Claudio, Vinicius C.;Gonzalez, Irys;Rassy, Fabricio
蝙蝠扮演着关键的生态角色，也承载着许多人畜共患病原体。新热带蝙蝠的微生物群仍然鲜为人知。我们推测，他们的饮食习惯强烈影响他们的微生物群丰富度和抗生素耐药性模式，这代表了日益严重的公共卫生和环境问题。在这里，我们描述了来自巴西东南部大西洋森林遗迹的蝙蝠的需氧微生物群丰富度，以及具有临床重要性的细菌的抗生素抗性模式。对来自Carlos Botelho州立公园的113只蝙蝠的口腔和直肠进行了拭子取样。样品分别镀于5%羊血和麦康基琼脂上，用MALDI-TOF技术进行鉴定。采用Kirby-Bauer抗生素盘扩散技术进行抗生素敏感性试验。在属水平鉴定出596株，并初步鉴定到种水平。变形菌门是所有饮食行业中最丰富的门，占总鉴定样品的87%。蝙蝠个体内最常见的细菌是大肠埃希菌、氧化克雷伯菌和粘质沙雷菌，种内最常见的细菌是粘质沙雷菌、假单胞菌和葡萄球菌。总的来说，抗生素谱结果表明8种潜在致病菌的耐药率较低。在我们的样本中发现的对抗生素的耐药性主要与被测物种的内在耐药性有关。我们的样本中耐药细菌的低发生率可能与捕获蝙蝠的环境保存良好有关。一旦抗药性产生的主要原因与人为活动有关，控制游客进入公园的某些区域似乎有效地保护了环境。
Bats play key ecological roles, also hosting many zoonotic pathogens. Neotropical bat microbiota is still poorly known. We speculate that their dietary habits strongly influence their microbiota richness and antibiotic-resistance patterns, which represent growing and serious public health and environmental issue. Here we describe the aerobic microbiota richness of bats from an Atlantic Forest remnant in Southeastern Brazil, and the antibiotic-resistance patterns of bacteria of clinical importance. Oral and rectal cavities of 113 bats from Carlos Botelho State Park were swabbed. Samples were plated on 5% sheep blood and MacConkey agar and identified by the MALDI-TOF technique. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using Kirby-Bauer's antibiotic disc diffusion technique.We identified 596 isolates at the genus level and tentatively to the species level. Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in all the dietary guilds, representing 87% of the total identified samples. The most common bacteria within bat individuals were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca and Serratia marcescens, and within bat species were Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas sp. and Staphylococcus sp. Frugivores presented the most diverse microbiota. In general, the antibiogram results indicated a low occurrence of resistance on eigth potentially pathogenic bacteria species. The resistance to antibiotics found on our samples was related mostly to the intrinsic resistance of the tested species.The low occurrence of resistant bacteria in our samples could be related to the well preserved environment where bats were caught. Once the major causes of resistance-acquiring are related to anthropic activites, the controlled access of tourists on certain regions of the Park seems to be effectively protecting the environment.