Diel light cycles affect phytoplankton competition in the global ocean
Diel light cycles affect phytoplankton competition in the global ocean
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DOI：
10.1111/geb.13562
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发表时间：
2022-07-02
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Vallino，Joseph J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tsakalakis，Ioannis;Follows，Michael J.;Vallino，Joseph J.
AimLight是光合作用所必需的，在自然界中存在两个周期：季节性和昼夜性。虽然光的季节性是典型的解决海洋生态系统模式，因为它的意义，季节性演替和浮游植物群落学，昼夜光周期一般不解决。本研究的目的是展示昼夜光周期对全球海洋浮游植物竞争和浮游植物地理学的影响。LocationGlobal ocean.Major taxa studiedPhytoplankton.MethodsWe使用三维全球海洋模型，比较有和没有昼夜光周期的高时间分辨率模拟。该模型模拟了15种不同细胞大小的浮游植物类型，包括两个广泛的生态策略：小细胞具有高营养亲和力（拾穗者）和较大的细胞具有高的最大生长速率（opportanum）。两者都是由浮游动物放牧和限制氮，磷和铁。ResultsSimulations表明，昼夜周期的光诱导昼夜周期限制营养盐在全球海洋。昼夜养分循环与限制性养分的浓度较高有关，在低纬度地区（−40°至40°），这一过程增加了拾穗者的机会相对丰度。大小类与最高的最大增长率从拾穗和机会主义群体的青睐昼夜光周期。这种机制减弱纬度的增加，因为季节性周期的影响占主导地位的diel cycle.Main conclusionsUnderstanding的机制，管理浮游植物pneumeography是至关重要的预测海洋生态系统功能和海洋地球化学循环。我们发现，昼夜光周期有显着的影响，浮游植物的竞争和生态学，表明需要了解昼夜过程中的作用，在塑造全球海洋的宏观生态格局。
AimLight, essential for photosynthesis, is present in two periodic cycles in nature: seasonal and diel. Although seasonality of light is typically resolved in ocean biogeochemical–ecosystem models because of its significance for seasonal succession and biogeography of phytoplankton, the diel light cycle is generally not resolved. The goal of this study is to demonstrate the impact of diel light cycles on phytoplankton competition and biogeography in the global ocean.LocationGlobal ocean.Major taxa studiedPhytoplankton.MethodsWe use a three‐dimensional global ocean model and compare simulations of high temporal resolution with and without diel light cycles. The model simulates 15 phytoplankton types with different cell sizes, encompassing two broad ecological strategies: small cells with high nutrient affinity (gleaners) and larger cells with high maximal growth rate (opportunists). Both are grazed by zooplankton and limited by nitrogen, phosphorus and iron.ResultsSimulations show that diel cycles of light induce diel cycles in limiting nutrients in the global ocean. Diel nutrient cycles are associated with higher concentrations of limiting nutrients, by 100% at low latitudes (−40° to 40°), a process that increases the relative abundance of opportunists over gleaners. Size classes with the highest maximal growth rates from both gleaner and opportunist groups are favoured by diel light cycles. This mechanism weakens as latitude increases, because the effects of the seasonal cycle dominate over those of the diel cycle.Main conclusionsUnderstanding the mechanisms that govern phytoplankton biogeography is crucial for predicting ocean ecosystem functioning and biogeochemical cycles. We show that the diel light cycle has a significant impact on phytoplankton competition and biogeography, indicating the need for understanding the role of diel processes in shaping macroecological patterns in the global ocean.