Discovery of lost diversity of paternal horse lineages using ancient DNA
Discovery of lost diversity of paternal horse lineages using ancient DNA
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms1447
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Hofreiter, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lippold, Sebastian;Knapp, Michael;Hofreiter, Michael
现代家马在雌性遗传的线粒体DNA中显示出丰富的遗传多样性，但在雄性遗传的Y染色体上几乎没有序列多样性。人们提出了几种假说来解释这种差异，但只能通过了解祖先（驯化前）母系和父系的多样性来检验。由于野马几乎已经灭绝，古代DNA研究提供了评估这种祖先多样性的唯一手段。通过对8匹古代野马和1匹2800年前的驯养马的4kb Y染色体DNA进行测序，我们发现古代雄性马具有相当大的祖先多样性。古代和现代的驯养马都与古代野马形成了一个独立的分支，普氏野马是其基础。我们的方法确立了对古代长核DNA片段重新测序的可行性，并证明了古代Y染色体DNA序列数据的力量，以提供对种群进化史的见解。
Modern domestic horses display abundant genetic diversity within female-inherited mitochondrial DNA, but practically no sequence diversity on the male-inherited Y chromosome. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain this discrepancy, but can only be tested through knowledge of the diversity in both the ancestral (pre-domestication) maternal and paternal lineages. As wild horses are practically extinct, ancient DNA studies offer the only means to assess this ancestral diversity. Here we show considerable ancestral diversity in ancient male horses by sequencing 4 kb of Y chromosomal DNA from eight ancient wild horses and one 2,800-year-old domesticated horse. Both ancient and modern domestic horses form a separate branch from the ancient wild horses, with the Przewalski horse at its base. Our methodology establishes the feasibility of re-sequencing long ancient nuclear DNA fragments and demonstrates the power of ancient Y chromosome DNA sequence data to provide insights into the evolutionary history of populations.