Failure of the Smallpox Vaccine To Develop a Skin Lesion in Vaccinia Virus-Naive Individuals Is Related to Differences in Antibody Profiles before Vaccination, Not After
Failure of the Smallpox Vaccine To Develop a Skin Lesion in Vaccinia Virus-Naive Individuals Is Related to Differences in Antibody Profiles before Vaccination, Not After
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DOI：
10.1128/cvi.05521-11
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Davies, D. Huw
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tan, Xiaolin;Chun, Sookhee;Davies, D. Huw
使用传统痘苗病毒成功接种天花疫苗通常取决于痘苗接种部位出现水疱性皮肤病变（称为“痘苗”）。尽管已知先前的疫苗接种与接种量减弱有关，但未接种过痘苗的个体不接种疫苗的免疫学原理尚不清楚。我们假设，在接受痘苗病毒之前和之后对个体进行抗体分析将揭示接受和不接受之间的差异，这可能有助于更好地解释这种现象。使用痘苗病毒蛋白质组微阵列和重组蛋白酶联免疫吸附测定 (ELISA)，我们首先检查了未接种痘苗的个体在接受不同剂量的具有复制能力的 DryVax 和安万特巴斯德 (APSV) 天花疫苗后未能接种的抗体反应。大多数接受稀释疫苗的人未能做出反应，尽管四名接受稀释疫苗的未接受者和四名接受未稀释疫苗的人产生了抗体反应。有趣的是，他们的抗体谱与确实表现出接受的对照的抗体谱没有显着差异。然而，我们确实发现在接受 DryVax 之前未服用的抗体滴度升高，这与服用的抗体滴度显着不同。尽管研究的样本量很小，但我们得出的结论是，未能吸收反应者与未知病因的先前存在的免疫力相关，这种免疫力可能以类似于以前的天花疫苗接种的方式减弱皮肤反应。
Successful vaccination against smallpox with conventional vaccinia virus is usually determined by the development of a vesicular skin lesion at the site of vaccinia inoculation, called a "take." Although previous vaccination is known to be associated with attenuation of the take, the immunology that underlies a no-take in vaccinia-naive individuals is not well understood. We hypothesized that antibody profiling of individuals before and after receiving vaccinia virus would reveal differences between takes and no-takes that may help better explain the phenomenon. Using vaccinia virus proteome microarrays and recombinant protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), we first examined the antibody response in vaccinia-naive individuals that failed to take after receiving different doses of the replication-competent DryVax and Aventis Pasteur (APSV) smallpox vaccines. Most that received diluted vaccine failed to respond, although four no-takes receiving diluted vaccine and four receiving undiluted vaccine mounted an antibody response. Interestingly, their antibody profiles were not significantly different from those of controls that did show a take. However, we did find elevated antibody titers in no-takes prior to receiving DryVax that were significantly different from those of takes. Although the sample size studied was small, we conclude the failure to take in responders correlates with preexisting immunity of unknown etiology that may attenuate the skin reaction in a way similar to previous smallpox vaccination.