Restoring a functional β-cell mass in diabetes
Restoring a functional β-cell mass in diabetes
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00941.x
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Gorus, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pipeleers, D.;Chintinne, M.;Gorus, F.
1型和2型糖尿病经常表现为疾病形式，它们在P细胞团减少的存在和致病意义上有很大的不同。我们回顾的证据表明，1型糖尿病患者的P细胞质量在临床发病时通常不会减少至少90%，并且在15岁以上的患者确诊后数年内仍可检测到。临床和实验证据也表明，2型糖尿病患者的P细胞质量减少，这可能是β细胞功能失调的原因和/或后果。由于P细胞质量被定义为β细胞的数量，这些观点面临着针对人体器官的数据和方法不足的限制。由于P细胞在不同的表型下发生，这些表型随年龄和环境条件的不同而不同，我们建议使用术语功能性β细胞群作为P细胞数量及其表型或功能状态的评估。目前存在检测分离制剂中功能性β细胞质量的方法。我们选择了葡萄糖钳试验来评估临床发病的I型患者和门脉内胰岛细胞移植后的I型受者的功能性β细胞质量。将这些数据与非糖尿病对照组的数据进行比较，有助于确定治疗干预措施的目标和监控。
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes have often been presented as disease forms that profoundly differ in the presence and pathogenic significance of a reduced P-cell mass. We review evidence indicating that the P-cell mass in type 1 diabetes is usually not decreased by at least 90% at clinical onset, and remains often detectable for years after diagnosis at age above 15 years. Clinical and experimental evidence also exists for a reduced P-cell mass in type 2 diabetes where it can be the cause for and/or the consequence of dysregulated beta-cell functions. With P-cell mass defined as number of beta-cells, these views face the limitation of insufficient data and methods for human organs. Because P-cells call occur under different phenotypes that vary with age and with environmental conditions, we propose to use the term functional beta-cell mass as an assessment of a P-cell Population by the number of P-cells and their phenotype or functional state. Assays exist to measure functional beta-cell mass in isolated preparations. We selected a glucose-clamp test to evaluate functional beta-cell mass in type I patients at clinical onset and in type 1 recipients following intraportal islet cell transplantation. Comparison of the data with those in non-diabetic controls helps targeting and monitoring of therapeutic interventions.