Early nutrition programming of long-term health
Early nutrition programming of long-term health
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DOI：
10.1017/s0029665112000596
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Demmelmair, Hans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koletzko, Berthold;Brands, Brigitte;Demmelmair, Hans
来自欧盟欧内斯特项目和许多其他调查人员的越来越多的证据表明，早期营养和生活方式对以后的健康和常见非传染性疾病的风险（称为“发展规划”）有长期影响。由于公众健康的重要性日益增加以及该问题的跨代性，肥胖和相关疾病是欧盟资助的新项目“早期营养”的重点。目前，已经确定了三个关键假说：燃料介导的“子宫内”假说表明，宫内暴露于过量的燃料，尤其是葡萄糖，会导致胎儿的永久性变化，导致出生后的肥胖；出生后体重加速增加假说提出了婴儿时期体重快速增加与后期肥胖和不良后果风险增加之间的关联；错配假说表明，在次优的围产期环境和致肥性儿童环境之间经历发育“错配”与肥胖和相应的合并症的特定易感性有关。利用现有的队列研究、正在进行的和新的干预研究以及一个基础科学计划来调查这些关键假设，早期营养项目将为基于证据的最佳营养建议提供科学基础，考虑到长期健康结果，重点是肥胖和相关疾病。胎盘生物学、表观遗传学和代谢组学方面的科学和技术专长将在细胞和分子水平上了解生命早期营养状况与后期肥胖风险之间的关系。这将有助于改进生命早期预防肥胖的干预策略。
Increasing evidence from the EU Project EARNEST and many other investigators demonstrates that early nutrition and lifestyle have long-term effects on later health and the risk of common non-communicable diseases (known as 'developmental programming'). Because of the increasing public health importance and the transgenerational nature of the problem, obesity and associated disorders are the focus of the new EU funded project 'EarlyNutrition'. Currently, three key hypotheses have been defined: the fuel mediated 'in utero' hypothesis suggests that intrauterine exposure to an excess of fuels, most notably glucose, causes permanent changes of the fetus that lead to obesity in postnatal life; the accelerated postnatal weight gain hypothesis proposes an association between rapid weight gain in infancy and an increased risk of later obesity and adverse outcomes; and the mismatch hypothesis suggests that experiencing a developmental 'mismatch' between a sub-optimal perinatal and an obesogenic childhood environment is related to a particular predisposition to obesity and corresponding co-morbidities. Using existing cohort studies, ongoing and novel intervention studies and a basic science programme to investigate those key hypotheses, project EarlyNutrition will provide the scientific foundations for evidence-based recommendations for optimal nutrition considering long-term health outcomes, with a focus on obesity and related disorders. Scientific and technical expertise in placental biology, epigenetics and metabolomics will provide understanding at the cellular and molecular level of the relationships between early life nutritional status and the risk of later adiposity. This will help refine strategies for intervention in early life to prevent obesity.