A model of the coupled dynamics of climate, vegetation and terrestrial ecosystem biogeochemistry for regional applications
A model of the coupled dynamics of climate, vegetation and terrestrial ecosystem biogeochemistry for regional applications
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区域应用的气候、植被和陆地生态系统生物地球化学耦合动态模型
DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0870.2010.00477.x
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Rummukainen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Benjamin Smith;P. Samuelsson;Anna Wramneby;M. Rummukainen
区域气候模式（RCMs）主要代表气候系统的物理成分，忽略了植被动力学，生态系统地球化学及其相关的反馈。为了解释这种反馈，我们在RCA 3 RCM中实施了一种新的基于植物个体的植被动态-生态系统地球化学方案。7种植物功能类型叶面积指数（LAI）的变化响应于物理强迫和植被状态的变化，通过调节地表能量通量和地表特性反馈到气候。在ERA-40驱动的欧洲模拟中，该模式再现了最近的气候，其精度与标准RCM相当。大规模模式的叶面积指数，净初级生产力和植被组成与观测相媲美，虽然冬季叶面积指数系统高估卫星估计相比。ERA-40模拟和A1 B气候变化模拟的分析表明，物理气候和植被的动态变量之间存在相当大的协变。在地中海的网站，周期性的土壤水分限制导致波动的树叶覆盖和可能的正反馈近地表温度。在一个高山地区，气温上升导致森林向苔原地区推进，减少了植被，并对温度产生了可能的正反馈。气候-植被耦合不太明显，但仍然明显的中温带和北方的网站。
Regional climate models (RCMs) primarily represent physical components of the climate system, omitting vegetation dynamics, ecosystem biogeochemistry and their associated feedbacks. To account for such feedbacks, we implemented a novel plant individual-based vegetation dynamics-ecosystem biogeochemistry scheme within the RCA3 RCM. Variations in leaf area index (LAI) of seven plant functional type (PFTs) in response to physical forcing and evolving vegetation state feed back to climate via adjustments in surface energy fluxes and surface properties. In an ERA-40-driven simulation over Europe, the model reproduces the recent past climate with comparable accuracy to the standard RCM. Large-scale patterns of LAI, net primary production and vegetation composition were comparable with observations, although winter LAI was systematically overestimated compared to satellite estimates. Analysis of the ERA-40 simulation and an A1B climate-change simulation revealed considerable covariation among dynamic variables of the physical climate and vegetation. At a Mediterranean site, periodic soil water limitation led to fluctuations in leaf cover and a likely positive feedback to near-surface temperature. At an alpine site, rising temperatures led to forest advance onto tundra areas, reducing albedo and effecting a likely positive feedback on temperature. Climate—vegetation coupling was less pronounced but still apparent at intermediate temperate and boreal sites.