Ghana's HIV epidemic and PEPFAR's contribution towards epidemic control.
Ghana's HIV epidemic and PEPFAR's contribution towards epidemic control.
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DOI：
10.4314/gmj.v53i1.9
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Swaminathan, Mahesh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ali, Hammad;Amoyaw, Frank;Swaminathan, Mahesh
背景：本综述的目的是总结关于加纳艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病学和受影响人群的数据，并描述美国总统紧急救援计划（PEPFAR）对这一流行病的反应。设计：我们进行了一项文献综述，重点关注PEPFAR对加纳艾滋病防治工作的贡献。此外，我们总结了艾滋病的流行病学。我们检索了同行评议文献和灰色文献。设置:加纳。结果：总体而言，加纳的艾滋病毒流行率为1.6%，存在区域差异。该国的关键人群（KPs）受到艾滋病毒的影响不成比例。FSW和他们的客户，以及MSM占所有新感染病例的28%。总统防治艾滋病紧急救援计划向加纳提供技术援助，以最大限度地提高国家艾滋病毒/艾滋病防治工作的质量、覆盖面和影响。为了确保抗逆转录病毒药物（ARV）的充足供应，2016-2017年，PEPFAR投资了2370万美元作为一次性补充资金，用于支持加纳的ARV治疗项目。此外，国家艾滋病控制规划与总统防治艾滋病紧急救援计划合作，正在扩大病毒载量检测的规模。总统防治艾滋病紧急救援计划还在五个地区实施一套全面的预防服务，以帮助接触男男性行为者和性行为者，并扩大对初级服务提供者的艾滋病毒检测服务。结论：加纳在防治艾滋病毒/艾滋病的政策和方案层面都做出了改变，并正在努力实现联合国艾滋病规划署的“90-90-90”目标。总统防治艾滋病紧急救援计划正在提供援助，以确保这些目标能够实现。资助：本文得到美国总统艾滋病紧急救援计划（PEPFAR）通过美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的支持。
BACKGROUND: The aim of this review was to summarize the data on HIV/AIDS epidemiology and affected populations in Ghana and to describe the United States President's Emergency Plan for Emergency Relief's (PEPFAR) response to the epidemic.DESIGN: We conducted a literature review focusing on PEPFAR's contribution to the HIV response in Ghana. Additionally, we summarized the epidemiology of HIV. We searched both peer-reviewed and grey literature.SETTING: Ghana.RESULTS: Overall, HIV prevalence in Ghana is 1.6% with regional variation. Key populations (KPs) are disproportionately affected by HIV in the country. FSW and their clients, and MSM, account for 28% of all new infections. PEPFAR provides technical assistance (TA) to Ghana to maximize the quality, coverage and impact of the national HIV/AIDS response. To ensure adequate supply of antiretrovirals (ARVs), in 2016-2017, PEPFAR invested $23.7 million as a onetime supplemental funding to support Ghana's ARV treatment program. In addition, the National AIDS Control Programme in collaboration with PEPFAR is implementing a scale up of viral load testing. PEPFAR is also implementing a comprehensive package of prevention services in five regions to help reach MSM and FSW and to expand HIV testing services for KPs.CONCLUSIONS: Ghana is making changes at both policy and program level in the fight against HIV/AIDS and is working towards achieving the UNAIDS' 90-90-90 targets. PEPFAR is providing TA to ensure these goals can be achieved.FUNDING: This manuscript has been supported by the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).