Criteria of validity for animal models of psychiatric disorders: focus on anxiety disorders and depression.
Criteria of validity for animal models of psychiatric disorders: focus on anxiety disorders and depression.
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DOI：
10.1186/2045-5380-1-9
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发表时间：
2011-11-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lemoine M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Belzung C;Lemoine M
精神疾病的动物模型通常讨论关于三个标准首先由Willner阐述：面子，预测和结构效度。在这里，我们画出这些概念的历史，然后尝试重新绘制和完善这些标准，使用的抑郁症的素质模型的框架，已经提出了几个作者。因此，我们提出了一套五个主要标准（其中一些子类别）;同源有效性（包括物种有效性和菌株有效性），致病有效性（包括本体致病有效性和触发有效性），机制有效性，表面有效性（包括行为学和生物标志物有效性）和预测有效性（包括诱导和缓解有效性）。同源有效性要求选择适当的物种和品系：考虑到物种有效性，灵长类动物将被认为具有比果蝇更高的分数，并且考虑到品系，品系中的高应激反应性分数高于另一品系中的低应激反应性。病理有效性对应于这样一个事实，即为了塑造病理特征，生物体在发育期（例如，母亲分离：本体病理有效性）和成年期（例如，压力：触发有效性）都受到操纵。机制有效性对应的事实是，认知（例如，认知偏差）或生物学机制（如激素应激轴调节功能障碍）的障碍是相同的，在人类和动物。表面有效性对应于可观察到的行为（行为学有效性）或生物学（生物标志物有效性）结果：例如，快感缺失行为（行为学有效性）或皮质酮升高（生物标志物有效性）。最后，预测效度对应于触发因素和结果之间的关系（诱导效度）以及治疗对两种生物体的影响之间的关系（缓解效度）。这个框架的相关性，然后讨论各种动物模型的抑郁症。
Animal models of psychiatric disorders are usually discussed with regard to three criteria first elaborated by Willner; face, predictive and construct validity. Here, we draw the history of these concepts and then try to redraw and refine these criteria, using the framework of the diathesis model of depression that has been proposed by several authors. We thus propose a set of five major criteria (with sub-categories for some of them); homological validity (including species validity and strain validity), pathogenic validity (including ontopathogenic validity and triggering validity), mechanistic validity, face validity (including ethological and biomarker validity) and predictive validity (including induction and remission validity). Homological validity requires that an adequate species and strain be chosen: considering species validity, primates will be considered to have a higher score than drosophila, and considering strains, a high stress reactivity in a strain scores higher than a low stress reactivity in another strain. Pathological validity corresponds to the fact that, in order to shape pathological characteristics, the organism has been manipulated both during the developmental period (for example, maternal separation: ontopathogenic validity) and during adulthood (for example, stress: triggering validity). Mechanistic validity corresponds to the fact that the cognitive (for example, cognitive bias) or biological mechanisms (such as dysfunction of the hormonal stress axis regulation) underlying the disorder are identical in both humans and animals. Face validity corresponds to the observable behavioral (ethological validity) or biological (biomarker validity) outcomes: for example anhedonic behavior (ethological validity) or elevated corticosterone (biomarker validity). Finally, predictive validity corresponds to the identity of the relationship between the triggering factor and the outcome (induction validity) and between the effects of the treatments on the two organisms (remission validity). The relevance of this framework is then discussed regarding various animal models of depression.