Resource‐rational Models of Human Goal Pursuit
Resource‐rational Models of Human Goal Pursuit
复制标题
人类目标追求的资源理性模型
DOI：
10.1111/tops.12562
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Lieder, Falk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prystawski, Ben;Mohnert, Florian;Tošić, Mateo;Lieder, Falk
目标导向行为是人类心理学中非常重要的一部分。人们不断地为自己设定目标，并在生活的许多领域追求它们。在本文中，我们开发了计算模型，描述了人类如何在复杂的动态环境中追求目标，并在实验中测试了它们对人类行为的描述。我们的模型的动机是资源合理性的原则，并借鉴了人们有限的注意力和规划能力的心理学见解。我们发现，在我们的模拟环境中，人类的目标追求是不同的，大大低于最佳目标追求的效率。基于资源合理性原则的目标追求模型比非资源合理性的最优目标追求模型和策略更好地捕捉人类行为。我们的结论是，人类追求目标的方式是由需要有效地实现目标，以及认知成本和规划和注意力的限制。我们的研究结果是理解人类目标追求的重要一步，因为认知限制在塑造人们的目标导向行为中起着至关重要的作用。
Goal‐directed behavior is a deeply important part of human psychology. People constantly set goals for themselves and pursue them in many domains of life. In this paper, we develop computational models that characterize how humans pursue goals in a complex dynamic environment and test how well they describe human behavior in an experiment. Our models are motivated by the principle of resource rationality and draw upon psychological insights about people's limited attention and planning capacities. We find that human goal pursuit is qualitatively different and substantially less efficient than optimal goal pursuit in our simulated environment. Models of goal pursuit based on the principle of resource rationality capture human behavior better than both a model of optimal goal pursuit and heuristics that are not resource‐rational. We conclude that the way humans pursue goals is shaped by the need to achieve goals effectively as well as cognitive costs and constraints on planning and attention. Our findings are an important step toward understanding humans' goal pursuit as cognitive limitations play a crucial role in shaping people's goal‐directed behavior.