[Venous malformations: clinical characteristics and differential diagnosis].
[Venous malformations: clinical characteristics and differential diagnosis].
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anplas.2006.07.018
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Vikkula, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Casanova, D;Boon, L-M;Vikkula, M
静脉畸形（VM）是由于血管畸形导致的血管局部缺损。这些缓慢流动的病变可以影响任何组织或器官。临床上，皮肤VM的特征是触诊时可压缩的蓝色肿块。通常存在静脉石。症状取决于位置和大小。VM通常是散发和孤立的，然而，它们可能与其他畸形相关，并成为综合征的一部分; Klippel-Trenaunay（毛细血管-血管-静脉畸形伴肢体肥大）是最常见的。血管球静脉畸形（GVM）是另一种类型的静脉异常。与VM相反，GVM在触诊时通常疼痛并且不可压缩。VM的临床诊断通常是在出现蓝色皮肤病变时作出的：然而，其他病变也可能与VM相似。最常见的异常是蓝色痣，出血性淋巴管畸形，皮下血管瘤，甚至由于潜在的静脉狭窄而存在扩张的浅表正常静脉。本章将详细介绍静脉畸形的临床特点及其鉴别诊断。
Venous malformations (VM) are localized defects of blood vessels that are due to vascular dysmorphogenesis. These slow-flow lesions can affect any tissue or organ. Clinically, a cutaneous VM is characterized by a bluish mass that is compressible on palpation. Phleboliths are commonly present. Symptoms depend on location and size. VM are often sporadic and isolated, however, they can be associated with other malformations and be part of a syndrome; Klippel-Trenaunay (capillary-lymphatico-venous malformation with limb hypertrophy) is the most common. Glomuvenous malformation (GVM) is another type of venous anomaly. In contrast to VM, GVM is often painful on palpation and not compressible. Clinical diagnosis of VM is often made in the presence of a bluish cutaneous lesion: however, other lesions can mimick VM. The most frequent anomalies are a blue naevus, a hemorrhagic lymphatic malformation, a sub-cutaneous hemangioma or even the presence of dilated superficial normal veins due to underlying venous stenoses. This chapter will detail the clinical characteristics of venous anomalies and their differential diagnosis.