Wave mechanical effects and the reactivity of the hydrogen isotopes
Wave mechanical effects and the reactivity of the hydrogen isotopes
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波机械效应和氢同位素的反应性
DOI：
10.1039/tf9343000432
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发表时间：
1934
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Ogden
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Bawn;G. Ogden
新发现的氢同位素最显著的特征是它的化学性质与正常氢的化学性质有明显的不同。根据经典物理学很容易理解，这对同位素应该比其他任何一对同位素表现出更大的差异，因为它们的质量比更大。然而，由于这种质量差，分子速度之比仅为1：6，仅凭这一点不能解释较大的化学差异，只有考虑粒子的波动性质才能解释这些差异。给定速度的粒子的波长与其质量成反比，波长越长，波的效应越大。因此，对于一对质量相差很大的轻粒子，可以预期会产生对这两个粒子来说明显不同的效应。最早认为物质的波动力学性质的影响是氢和氘性质不同的原因，是观察到它们的蒸汽压不同。人们认识到，这是由于零点的差异造成的。
The most remarkable feature of the newly discovered isotope of hydrogen is the pronounced difference in its chemical properties from those of normal hydrogen. It is easily understood on the basis of classical physics that this pair of isotopes should show greater differences than any other pair because of their larger ratio of masses. However, the ratio of molecular velocities, due to this difference of masses, is only as I: 6 and this alone cannot account for the larger chemical differences.It is only by considering the wave nature of the particles that these differences can be explained. The wavelength of a particle of given velocity is inversely proportional to its mass and the wave effects are greater the longer the wavelength. Thus, with a pair of light particles which differ greatly in mass it would be expected that effects would arise which are markedly different for the two particles. The earliest reference to the influence of the wave mechanical nature of matter as the cause of the difference in properties of hydrogen and diplogen was the observation of their difference of vapour pressure. l It was recognised that this was due to the differences of the zero point