Narcissism dimensions differentially moderate selective attention to evaluative stimuli in incarcerated offenders.
Narcissism dimensions differentially moderate selective attention to evaluative stimuli in incarcerated offenders.
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自恋在监禁罪犯中对评价性刺激的选择性注意存在差异。
DOI：
10.1037/per0000087
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Newman,JosephP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Krusemark,ElizabethA;Lee,Christopher;Newman,JosephP
自恋型人格障碍与自我增强、傲慢和对自我威胁的强烈反应等显着特征有关。自恋的理论解释表明，这些异质行为反映了一种防御性动机风格，其作用是维护和保护自我概念。然而，自恋可以以浮夸和脆弱的维度为特征的观念提出了这样一种可能性：这些不同的行为代表了自恋防御的不同表达。本研究检验了这两个维度是否表现出以选择性注意评价刺激为标志的一般防御风格，或者分别与选择性注意积极和消极信息有差异相关。使用由配价和中性特征形容词组成的点探针任务，我们在一组男性罪犯中评估了这些假设。结果表明，脆弱的自恋与积极和消极刺激的注意偏差有关，尽管该维度进一步通过脱离困难和对消极词的反应更大的识别记忆偏差来区分。相反，夸大自恋与关注积极刺激并将注意力从消极刺激上转移开时的准确性增加相关。总体而言，这些发现表明自恋个体在响应评价刺激时共享有动机的选择性注意，同时强调了宏伟和脆弱维度之间的重要表型差异。
Narcissistic personality disorder is associated with distinguishing traits including self-enhancement, arrogance, and intense reactivity to ego threat. Theoretical accounts of narcissism suggest these heterogeneous behaviors reflect a defensive motivational style that functions to both uphold and protect the self-concept. However, the notion that narcissism can be characterized by grandiose and vulnerable dimensions raises the possibility that these diverse behaviors represent distinct expressions of narcissistic defensiveness. The present study examined whether both dimensions exhibit a general defensive style marked by selective attention to evaluative stimuli or are differentially associated with selective attention to positive and negative information, respectively. Using a dot probe task consisting of valenced and neutral trait adjectives, we evaluated these hypotheses in a group of male offenders. Results indicated that vulnerable narcissism was associated with attention biases for both positive and negative stimuli, though the dimension was further distinguished by disengagement difficulties and a greater recognition memory bias in response to negative words. Conversely, grandiose narcissism was associated with increased accuracy when attending to positive stimuli and directing attention away from negative stimuli. Overall, these findings suggest narcissistic individuals share motivated selective attention in response to evaluative stimuli, while simultaneously highlighting important phenotypic differences between grandiose and vulnerable dimensions.