Magnetic pumping model for energizing superthermal particles applied to observations of the Earth's bow shock

Magnetic pumping model for energizing superthermal particles applied to observations of the Earth's bow shock
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用于激发超热粒子的磁泵模型应用于地球弓形激波的观测

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-020-16660-4
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Egedal, J.
Egedal, J.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lichko, E.;Egedal, J.

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高能粒子产生是各种天体物理系统的重要组成部分,从激波中的种子粒子产生到太阳风的加热。研究表明,利用最大尺度的磁涨落,磁泵浦是加热热粒子的一种有效机制。在这里,我们证明了当磁泵推广到空间变化的磁通管时,对超热粒子的磁囚禁使抽运成为一种有效的激励方法,使粒子的运动速度快于波的速度,并自然地产生幂函数分布。我们通过航天器对磁层多尺度任务中地球弓激波附近强烈的压缩磁波动的观测,验证了这一理论。鉴于磁波动在不同的天体物理系统中无处不在,这一机制有可能改变我们对宇宙中最高能量粒子是如何产生的理解。
Energetic particle generation is an important component of a variety of astrophysical systems, from seed particle generation in shocks to the heating of the solar wind. It has been shown that magnetic pumping is an efficient mechanism for heating thermal particles, using the largest-scale magnetic fluctuations. Here we show that when magnetic pumping is extended to a spatially-varying magnetic flux tube, magnetic trapping of superthermal particles renders pumping an effective energization method for particles moving faster than the speed of the waves and naturally generates power-law distributions. We validated the theory by spacecraft observations of the strong, compressional magnetic fluctuations near the Earth’s bow shock from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. Given the ubiquity of magnetic fluctuations in different astrophysical systems, this mechanism has the potential to be transformative to our understanding of how the most energetic particles in the universe are generated.
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