Pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis.

Pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis.
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DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2015.00272
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Postlethwaite AE
Postlethwaite AE
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pattanaik D;Brown M;Postlethwaite BC;Postlethwaite AE

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系统性硬皮病(SSC)是最复杂的系统性自身免疫性疾病之一。它针对血管系统、结缔组织产生细胞(即成纤维细胞/肌成纤维细胞)以及先天和获得性免疫系统的组件。SSC的临床和病理表现是:(1)先天性/获得性免疫系统异常导致自身抗体和细胞介导性自身免疫的产生;(2)微血管内皮细胞/小血管纤维增生性血管病变;(3)成纤维细胞功能障碍导致胶原和其他基质成分在皮肤和内脏过度聚集。这三个过程相互作用,相互影响。这种疾病的临床表现是异质性的,可能反映了不同的遗传或触发因素(即感染或环境毒素)对免疫系统、血管系统和结缔组织细胞的影响。其他普遍存在的分子实体(如溶血磷脂、内源性大麻素及其不同的受体和维生素D)在影响免疫系统、血管系统和结缔组织细胞中所起的作用才刚刚开始被认识和研究,并可能为治疗SSC的新的治疗方法提供见解。
Systemic scleroderma (SSc) is one of the most complex systemic autoimmune diseases. It targets the vasculature, connective tissue-producing cells (namely fibroblasts/myofibroblasts), and components of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Clinical and pathologic manifestations of SSc are the result of: (1) innate/adaptive immune system abnormalities leading to production of autoantibodies and cell-mediated autoimmunity, (2) microvascular endothelial cell/small vessel fibroproliferative vasculopathy, and (3) fibroblast dysfunction generating excessive accumulation of collagen and other matrix components in skin and internal organs. All three of these processes interact and affect each other. The disease is heterogeneous in its clinical presentation that likely reflects different genetic or triggering factor (i.e., infection or environmental toxin) influences on the immune system, vasculature, and connective tissue cells. The roles played by other ubiquitous molecular entities (such as lysophospholipids, endocannabinoids, and their diverse receptors and vitamin D) in influencing the immune system, vasculature, and connective tissue cells are just beginning to be realized and studied and may provide insights into new therapeutic approaches to treat SSc.
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