Temperature dependence of fish performance in the wild: links with species biogeography and physiological thermal tolerance
Temperature dependence of fish performance in the wild: links with species biogeography and physiological thermal tolerance
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.12618
复制
发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Suthers, Iain M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Payne, Nicholas L.;Smith, James A.;Suthers, Iain M.
1.温度强烈地调节外温动物的分布和适应性，许多研究已经测量了受控实验室环境中生理性能的温度依赖性。相比之下，人们对野外温度如何影响外温动物的表现知之甚少，因此在实验室中测量的生理表现的生态意义尚不清楚。我们的目的是测量几种鱼类在野外的表现对温度的依赖性，并探索如何使野外表现最大化的温度（T-optE）与物种地理学有关。我们收集了9种热带和温带鱼类的野外身体活动和生长数据，并通过拟合热性能曲线来分析这些数据，将T-optE与特定物种的温暖范围边界温度（赤道范围限制下最温暖月份的平均温度）进行比较。为了探索野外趋势在多大程度上反映了实验室测量的生理性能趋势，我们还汇编了鱼类有氧代谢范围对温度依赖性的已发表数据，并将其与我们的野生鱼类数据进行了比较。我们发现野生环境中的T-optE与温暖的范围边界温度密切相关，并且这两种温度之间的差异（“环境耐热性”）对于更热带的物种来说较小。与实验室数据的比较表明，T-optE接近野外暖边界温度的速率与好氧范围的最适温度（T-optAS）接近实验室好氧范围的上临界温度（upper T-crit）的速率相同，这意味着野生鱼类的环境热耐受力与圈养鱼类的生理热耐受力（即upper T-crit - T-optAS）非常接近.我们的比较现场和实验室得出的数据突出了鱼类有氧代谢范围的生态意义，并建议野生鱼类往往表现最好的最高温度附近遇到的范围内，同时保持一个安全裕度上限临界温度的有害影响。
1. Temperature strongly regulates the distribution and fitness of ectotherms, and many studies have measured the temperature dependence of physiological performance in controlled laboratory settings. In contrast, little is known about how temperature influences ectotherm performance in the wild, so the ecological significance of physiological performance as measured in the laboratory is unclear.2. Our aim was to measure the temperature dependence of performance in the wild for several species of fishes and to explore how temperatures that maximize performance in the wild (T-optE) are related to species biogeographies.3. We gathered body activity and growth data from the wild for nine tropical and temperate fish species, and by fitting thermal performance curves to these data, compared T-optE to species-specific warm range boundary temperatures (the average temperature of the warmest month at equatorward range limits). To explore the degree to which trends in the wild reflect trends in physiological performance measured in the laboratory, we also compiled published data on the temperature dependence of aerobic metabolic scope in fishes and compared these to our wild fish data.4. We found T-optE in the wild was strongly correlated with warm range boundary temperatures, and that the difference between these two temperatures (the 'environmental heating tolerance') was smaller for more-tropical species. Comparison with laboratory data revealed that T-optE approaches warm boundary temperatures in the wild at the same rate that the optimal temperature for aerobic scope (T-optAS) approaches upper critical temperatures (upper T-crit) for aerobic scope in the laboratory, meaning that environmental heating tolerances in wild fishes closely mirror physiological heating tolerance (i.e. upper T-crit - T-optAS) in captive fishes.5. Our comparison of field-and laboratory-derived data highlights the ecological significance of aerobic metabolic scope in fishes and suggests wild fish species tend to perform best near the highest temperatures encountered in their range while maintaining a safety margin from the deleterious effects of upper critical temperatures.