Astrocytes Regulate Daily Rhythms in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and Behavior.
Astrocytes Regulate Daily Rhythms in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and Behavior.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2017.02.037
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发表时间：
2017-04-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Herzog ED
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tso CF;Simon T;Greenlaw AC;Puri T;Mieda M;Herzog ED
星形胶质细胞是神经信息处理的活跃伙伴。然而，星形胶质细胞在调节行为中的作用仍不清楚。由于星形胶质细胞在体外具有持续的生物钟基因表达和ATP释放，我们假设它们调节神经元和行为的日常节律。在这里，我们证明了哺乳动物主要的昼夜节律起搏器-视交叉上核(SCN)内星形胶质细胞的每日节律决定了车轮运行活动的周期。去除SCN星形胶质细胞中的关键时钟基因BMal1，可以延长SCN和运动行为中Clock基因表达的昼夜节律期。同样，切除短周期的ck1εtau突变，特别是从SCN星形胶质细胞中，导致SCN和行为的节奏延长。这些结果表明，SCN内的星形胶质细胞与神经元进行通讯，以确定生理和静息活动的昼夜节律。Tso et.艾尔表明SCN星形胶质细胞和神经元一样是同步的昼夜节律振荡器。SCN星形胶质细胞的节律丧失或周期延长均导致SCN神经元节律和日常活动节律的周期增加，说明星形胶质细胞参与了SCN输出节律的决定。
Astrocytes are active partners in neural information processing. However, the roles of astrocytes in regulating behavior remain unclear. Because astrocytes have persistent circadian clock gene expression and ATP release in vitro, we hypothesized that they regulate daily rhythms in neurons and behavior. Here we demonstrated that daily rhythms in astrocytes within the mammalian master circadian pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), determine the period of wheel-running activity. Ablating the essential clock gene, Bmal1, specifically in SCN astrocytes lengthened the circadian period of clock gene expression in the SCN and in locomotor behavior. Similarly, excision of the short-period CK1ε tau mutation specifically from SCN astrocytes resulted in lengthened rhythms in the SCN and behavior. These results indicate that astrocytes within the SCN communicate to neurons to determine circadian rhythms in physiology and in rest-activity. Tso et. al. show that SCN astrocytes are synchronized circadian oscillators just like neurons. Both loss of rhythm or lengthened period in SCN astrocytes led to an increase in period in SCN neuronal and daily activity rhythms, demonstrating that astrocytes contribute to the determination of SCN output rhythm.