Participatory mapping of flood hazard risk in Munamicua, District of Buzi, Mozambique
Participatory mapping of flood hazard risk in Munamicua, District of Buzi, Mozambique
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DOI：
10.1080/17445647.2014.891265
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发表时间：
2014-04-03
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kienberger, Stefan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kienberger, Stefan
适用于地方一级决策的详细地图已过时或目前在莫桑比克不可用。本文介绍的社区地图建立在参与式测绘和参与式地理信息系统实践(特别是照片测绘)的基础上，并链接到减少灾害风险和洪水风险评估方面的高级空间分析。根据一张非常高分辨率的卫星图像，社区成员绘制了不同的特征图，如社区边界、居民区及其名称、农业区、重要的基础设施，以及最重要的洪水“低”和“高风险”地带。这是莫桑比克第一次以这种结合当地知识的方式绘制社区地图。以参与式方式确定危险区域被视为克服现有数据有限的瓶颈，无法进行适当的基于地理信息系统的危险建模。在社区地图要素数字化的基础上，对土地利用、居民区(房屋)和GPS采集点(基础设施、照片)进行了图像分类。在最后一步，地图被打印并移交给社区成员。在应用方法方面，已经证明，通过整合社区知识和纸质卫星图像来评估风险是有效的。除了得出基于社区的危险地图的结果外，绘制地图的过程被理解为是提高对当地洪水危险风险的认识和了解的关键。
Detailed maps, appropriate for decision making at the local level are outdated or currently not available in Mozambique. The community map presented in this paper is built on participatory mapping and Participatory GIS practices (especially photo mapping) and links to advanced spatial analysis in the context of disaster risk reduction and flood hazard assessment. Based on a very high-resolution satellite imagery, community members mapped different features such as the community boundary, settlement areas and their names, agricultural areas, important infrastructure and most importantly 'low' and 'high risk' zones for floods. It has been for the first time that a community was mapped in Mozambique in such a way integrating local knowledge. The identification of hazard zones in a participatory manner was seen as one way to overcome the bottleneck of limited available data for a proper GIS-based hazard modeling. Next to the digitization of the community mapped features, an image classification on land use, settlement areas (houses), and the integration of GPS collected points (infrastructure, photos) was carried out. In a final step the map was printed and handed-over to the community members. In the applied methodology it has been demonstrated that the assessment of risks through the integration of community knowledge and paper-based satellite images is valid. Next to the result of deriving a community-based hazard map, the process of mapping is understood as essential to sensitize and learn about local flood hazard risk.