Microchemistry of juvenile Mercenaria mercenaria shell: implications for modeling larval dispersal
Microchemistry of juvenile Mercenaria mercenaria shell: implications for modeling larval dispersal
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幼鱼 Mercenaria Mercenaria 壳的微化学：对幼虫扩散建模的影响
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发表时间：
2012
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通讯作者：
D. Kimmel
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作者：
A. M. Cathey;N. Miller;D. Kimmel
生物矿物中痕量和次要元素的元素特征被用来研究双壳类幼体的扩散。我们在美国北卡罗来纳州望角附近的河口−泻湖系统中，通过检测硬壳贝幼贝壳中的元素信号来研究这项技术的潜力。我们使用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICPMS)评估了元素浓度的空间差异(~12到40千米)和时间稳定性(秋季和春季)。贝壳样品中含有12种微量和微量元素：钙(Ca)、锰(Mn)、铝(Al)、钛(Ti)、钴(Co)、铜(Cu)、钡(Ba)、镁(Mg)、锌(Zn)、铅(Pb)、镍(Ni)和锶(Sr)。判别函数分析(DFA)使用金属与钙的比例作为自变量，从秋季和春季采样事件中正确地将硬蛤分配到它们的采集地点，成功率为100%。MN：CA比是最有效的判别因子，可分别解释91.2%和71.9%的组间变异。稚贝体内的元素浓度在时间上有所不同。使用来自两个采样事件的外壳的组合DFA方法获得了81.9%的分类成功率。Mn：Ca比值解释了群体间变异的大部分(89.9%)，且各水团间的差异在各个季节都是一致的。我们的结果首次证明，仅在河口−泻湖系统内，双壳幼体贝壳的元素化学存在小尺度的空间差异(~12公里)。我们的结果表明，验证类似的化学信号是可能的，并可用于追踪这一重要经济物种的扩散轨迹。
The elemental signature of trace and minor elements within biominerals has been used to investigate the larval dispersal of bivalves. We investigated the potential of this technique by examining elemental signals in juvenile shells of the hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria within an estuarine−lagoonal system near Cape Lookout, North Carolina, USA. We assessed the spatial distinction (~12 to 40 km) and temporal stability (fall versus spring) of elemental concentrations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Twelve minor and trace elements were present at detectable levels in all shell samples: calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), barium (Ba), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and strontium (Sr). Discriminant function analyses (DFA) using metal to Ca ratios as independent variables correctly assigned hard clams to their site of collection with 100% success from both fall and spring sampling events. Mn:Ca ratio proved to be the most effective discriminator explaining 91.2 and 71.9% of our among-group variance, respectively. Elemental concentrations within juvenile shell differed temporally. A combined DFA approach using shell from both sampling events obtains a classification success of 81.9%. Mn:Ca ratio explained the bulk of among group variance (89.9%) and was consistently different among water masses during each season. Our results demonstrate for the first time the existence of small-scale spatial differences (~12 km) in the elemental chemistry of juvenile bivalve shell exclusively within an estuarine− lagoonal system. Our results suggest that the validation of a similar chemical signal of M. mercenaria larval shells is possible and may be used to trace the dispersal trajectory of this economically important species.