Paracrine Interactions Within Islets of Langerhans
Paracrine Interactions Within Islets of Langerhans
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DOI：
10.1007/s12031-012-9752-2
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Chen, Liangyi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koh, Duk-Su;Cho, Jung-Hwa;Chen, Liangyi
葡萄糖供应在进餐和禁食期间波动，并且身体对其的消耗取决于身体代谢而变化很大。胰岛分泌各种内分泌激素，包括胰岛素和胰高血糖素，以保持血糖水平相对恒定。此外，胰岛激素作为局部自分泌或旁分泌调节剂调节邻近细胞的活性。此外，胰岛细胞释放神经递质，如谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA），以获得更精确的调节激素释放动力学。兴奋性谷氨酸与胰高血糖素从α细胞共同释放，并激活邻近细胞中的谷氨酸受体。从β细胞释放的GABA显示出抑制α细胞，但通过作用GABA（A）受体激活β细胞。本文综述了近年来对胰岛旁分泌/自分泌相互作用的研究进展。
Glucose supply fluctuates between meal and fasting periods and its consumption by the body varies greatly depending on bodily metabolism. Pancreatic islets of Langerhans secrete various endocrine hormones including insulin and glucagon to keep blood glucose level relatively constant. Additionally, islet hormones regulate activity of neighboring cells as local autocrine or paracrine modulators. Moreover, islet cells release neurotransmitters such as glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to gain more precise regulation of hormones release kinetics. Excitatory glutamate is co-released with glucagon from alpha-cells and activates glutamate receptors in the neighboring cells. GABA released from beta-cells was shown to inhibit alpha-cells but to activate beta-cells by acting GABA(A) receptors. This review summarizes the recent progress in understanding the paracrine/autocrine interactions in islets.