Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae for Toxicity Assessment including Interacting Effects and DNA Damage
Using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae for Toxicity Assessment including Interacting Effects and DNA Damage
复制标题
使用酿酒酵母进行毒性评估，包括相互作用效应和 DNA 损伤
DOI：
10.2166/wst.1992.0307
复制
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
I. Aoyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Kungolos;I. Aoyama
酿酒酵母在这项研究中不仅被用作常规快速毒性筛选的测试生物，而且还被用作化学品对DNA损伤的潜在指示剂。研究了几种评价重金属抑制率的指标。比生长率是最合适的指标。在这项研究中使用的化学品中，CH 3 HgCl毒性最大，EC 60为3.5×10 −4 mmol/l。HgCl 2的EC 60为9。以比生长速率为指标，CdCl 2和NiCl 2的平均浓度分别为0.192、0.0345和2.30mmol/l。Cd和Ni的交互作用一般为加和效应。为了检测DNA损伤，将野生型菌株的生长与一种或所有DNA修复系统缺陷的菌株的生长进行比较。使用了已知的诱变剂4-硝基喹啉1-氧化物和非诱变剂卡那霉素。实验结果证实，4-硝基喹啉1-氧化物对酿酒酵母DNA有损伤作用，而卡那霉素对酿酒酵母DNA无损伤作用，这一证实的重要性在于，本试验使用的是酿酒酵母，这是一种真核生物，比其他致突变试验（如艾姆斯试验和Rec-assay）中通常使用的原核生物更接近人类。
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used in this study not only as a test organism for routine quick toxicity screening but also as a potential indicator of DNA damage by chemicals. Several indices were investigated for evaluating the inhibition rates caused by some heavy metals. Specific growth rate proved to be the most suitable index. Of the chemicals used in this study CH 3 HgCl was the most toxic with an EC 60 of 3.5×10 −4 mmol/l. The EC 60 9s for HgCl 2 . CdCl 2 and NiCl 2 were 0.192, 0.0345 and 2.30 mmol/l respectively, using specific growth rate as an index. The interacting effect between Cd and Ni was generally additive. In order to detect DNA damage the growth of wild type strains was compared with the growth of strains deficient in one or all the DNA repairing systems. A known mutagen, 4-nitroquinoneline 1-oxide, and a non-mutagen, kanamycin, were used. The experimental results confirmed that 4-nitroquinoneline 1-oxide damaged the DNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, while kanamycin did not damage it. The importance of this confirmation lies in the fact that this test uses Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is a eucaryotic organism and closer to human being than the procaryotic organisms that are usually used in other mutagenicity tests such as Ames test and Rec-assay.