Recent achievements toward the development of Ni-based layered oxide cathodes for fast-charging Li-ion batteries
Recent achievements toward the development of Ni-based layered oxide cathodes for fast-charging Li-ion batteries
复制标题
用于快速充电锂离子电池的镍基层状氧化物正极的开发最新成果
DOI：
10.1039/d2nr05701h
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Lee, Sunghwan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Yuxuan;Kim, Jae Chul;Song, Han Wook;Lee, Sunghwan
近年来，通过采用镍基层状氧化物材料作为电池正极，电动汽车（EV）的行驶里程得到了大幅提高。与内燃机汽车较短的加油时间相比，电动汽车的平均充电时间仍然很耗时。根据美国能源部的指导意见，电动汽车充电60%容量的充电时间应小于6分钟，这意味着正极材料相应的充电倍率应大于6C。然而，镍基层状氧化物材料的缓慢动力学条件和不足的热稳定性阻碍了其在快速充电操作中的进一步应用。最近大多数关于镍基层状氧化物材料作为锂离子电池（LIB）阴极的评论文章仅涉及慢速充电条件下的降解机制。值得注意的是，由于电动汽车的发展，快速充电正极材料的重要性突然增加，其褪色机制可能与慢速充电条件显着不同。有一些关于快速充电的评论文章；然而，他们的观点主要局限于电池热管理模拟，缺乏实验验证，例如镍基层状氧化物正极材料的微观结构退化。在这篇综述中，首先讨论了快速充电的一般和基本定义，然后总结了电动汽车所需的倍率能力以及镍基层状氧化物正极材料的电化学和动力学性能。接下来，从电极尺度到颗粒尺度，最后到原子尺度（晶格氧水平研究），系统地讨论了使用镍基阴极的锂离子电池在快速充电操作下的降解机制。然后，详细介绍了实现更高倍率性能的各种策略，例如优化正极颗粒的合成工艺、制造单晶颗粒、使用电解质添加剂、掺杂异质离子、涂覆保护层和设计正极结构。需要考虑所有这些策略来增强镍基氧化物正极材料在快速充电条件下的电化学性能。
The driving mileage of electric vehicles (EVs) has been substantially improved in recent years with the adoption of Ni-based layered oxide materials as the battery cathode. The average charging period of EVs is still time-consuming, compared with the short refueling time of an internal combustion engine vehicle. With the guidance from the United States Department of Energy, the charging time of refilling 60% of the battery capacity should be less than 6 min for EVs, indicating that the corresponding charging rate for the cathode materials is to be greater than 6C. However, the sluggish kinetic conditions and insufficient thermal stability of the Ni-based layered oxide materials hinder further application in fast-charging operations. Most of the recent review articles regarding Ni-based layered oxide materials as cathodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) only touch degradation mechanisms under slow charging conditions. Of note, the fading mechanisms of the cathode materials for fast-charging, of which the importance abruptly increases due to the development of electric vehicles, may be significantly different from those of slow charging conditions. There are a few review articles regarding fast-charging; however, their perspectives are limited mostly to battery thermal management simulations, lacking experimental validations such as microscale structure degradations of Ni-based layered oxide cathode materials. In this review, a general and fundamental definition of fast-charging is discussed at first, and then we summarize the rate capability required in EVs and the electrochemical and kinetic properties of Ni-based layered oxide cathode materials. Next, the degradation mechanisms of LIBs leveraging Ni-based cathodes under fast-charging operation are systematically discussed from the electrode scale to the particle scale and finally the atom scale (lattice oxygen-level investigation). Then, various strategies to achieve higher rate capability, such as optimizing the synthesis process of cathode particles, fabricating single-crystalline particles, employing electrolyte additives, doping foreign ions, coating protective layers, and engineering the cathode architecture, are detailed. All these strategies need to be considered to enhance the electrochemical performance of Ni-based oxide cathode materials under fast-charging conditions.