Balancing Selection for Pathogen Resistance Reveals an Intercontinental Signature of Red Queen Coevolution.
Balancing Selection for Pathogen Resistance Reveals an Intercontinental Signature of Red Queen Coevolution.
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病原菌抗性的平衡选择揭示了红皇后共同进化的洲际特征。
DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msab217
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发表时间：
2021-10-27
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Ebert D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bourgeois Y;Fields PD;Bento G;Ebert D
长期宿主-寄生虫协同进化与遗传多样性之间的联系是理解遗传流行病学和抗性进化的关键。红皇后宿主-寄生虫协同进化模型假设，当罕见的宿主抗性变异具有选择优势时，高遗传多样性得以维持，这被认为是疾病相关基因（例如有颌脊椎动物的主要组织相容性复合体和植物中的R基因）异常高水平多样性的机制基础。然而，推动长期共同进化的寄生虫往往难以捉摸。在这里，我们提供了特定宿主-寄生虫系统（浮游甲壳类大型水蚤和巴斯德氏菌）中表型（抗性变异）和基因组（抗性基因座）水平的长期平衡选择的证据。无论地理距离如何，宿主都表现出广泛的病原体抗性多态性，尽管在其他位点存在明显的全基因组范围内的距离隔离模式。在先前确定的抗性超基因的基因组区域中，我们观察到平衡选择的一致分子信号，包括较高的遗传多样性、较旧的合并时间和种群之间较低的分化，这使该区域与基因组的其他部分区分开来。我们提出，通过负频率依赖选择进行的特定长期共同进化在洲际范围内驱动了宿主抗性位点多样性的提高，并提供了宿主对剧毒病原体的抗性与其潜在基因的大规模多样性之间直接联系的例子。
The link between long-term host–parasite coevolution and genetic diversity is key to understanding genetic epidemiology and the evolution of resistance. The model of Red Queen host–parasite coevolution posits that high genetic diversity is maintained when rare host resistance variants have a selective advantage, which is believed to be the mechanistic basis for the extraordinarily high levels of diversity at disease-related genes such as the major histocompatibility complex in jawed vertebrates and R-genes in plants. The parasites that drive long-term coevolution are, however, often elusive. Here we present evidence for long-term balancing selection at the phenotypic (variation in resistance) and genomic (resistance locus) level in a particular host–parasite system: the planktonic crustacean Daphnia magna and the bacterium Pasteuria ramosa. The host shows widespread polymorphisms for pathogen resistance regardless of geographic distance, even though there is a clear genome-wide pattern of isolation by distance at other sites. In the genomic region of a previously identified resistance supergene, we observed consistent molecular signals of balancing selection, including higher genetic diversity, older coalescence times, and lower differentiation between populations, which set this region apart from the rest of the genome. We propose that specific long-term coevolution by negative-frequency-dependent selection drives this elevated diversity at the host's resistance loci on an intercontinental scale and provide an example of a direct link between the host’s resistance to a virulent pathogen and the large-scale diversity of its underlying genes.
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影响因子：
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