Influence of gender and experience on the maximal instep soccer kick
Influence of gender and experience on the maximal instep soccer kick
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性别和经验对足球最大脚背踢球的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Gongbing Shan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gongbing Shan
摘要尽管足球在世界范围内是一项受欢迎的运动，但在满足对女运动员日益增长的定量研究需求方面所做的工作很少。因此，女运动员的训练方案往往直接从男运动员那里学来，没有适当的调整。在这项研究中，我考察了性别和经验对男女大学生足背最大踢球的影响，其中新手和熟练运动员的数量相等。数据采集设备包括一个同步系统和VICON™3D运动捕捉(9个高速摄像头，120赫兹)和诺拉克森无线肌电图仪。结果显示，训练有素的男女运动员有不同的技术。在一次有力的踢后，雄性会自然地进行一次跳跃来驱散腿部残留的动量，而雌性则会避开这一空中阶段；相反，她们会用上半身的屈曲来抵消这种动量。熟练的男运动员比熟练的女运动员表现出更有力的准鞭子状踢腿运动和更具爆炸性的肌肉工作模式(更高的最大肌张力和更快的肌张力增加速度)。在训练中，练习者应特别注意像大收肌这样的小肌肉的重复性损伤。所观察到的差异可能对制定培训方案很重要。
Abstract Although soccer is a popular sport worldwide, little work has been done to satisfy the increasing demand for quantitative research on female players. As a result, training programmes for female players are often taken directly from their male counterparts, without appropriate adaptations. In this study, I examine the influence of gender and experience on the maximal instep soccer kick among male and female college students, with equal numbers of novice and skilled players. The data collection equipment consisted of a synchronized system with VICON™ 3D motion capture (nine high-speed cameras, 120 Hz) and NORAXON wireless electromyography. Results showed that trained male and female players have different techniques. After a powerful kick, males naturally follow through with a jump to dissipate residual leg momentum, whereas females avoid this airborne phase; instead, they counteract the momentum with upper-body flexions. Skilled male players displayed a more powerful quasi whip-like movement of the kicking leg and more explosive muscle work patterns (higher maximum and faster increase rate of muscle tension) than skilled females. During training, practitioners should pay special attention to repetitive injuries in small muscles like the adductor magnus. The differences observed may be important for the development of training programmes.