Comprehensive Diagnosis and Planning for the Difficult Rhinoplasty Patient: Applications in Ultrasonography and Treatment of the Soft-Tissue Envelope
Comprehensive Diagnosis and Planning for the Difficult Rhinoplasty Patient: Applications in Ultrasonography and Treatment of the Soft-Tissue Envelope
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DOI：
10.1055/s-0037-1606639
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Kosins, Aaron M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kosins, Aaron M.
鼻整形术是整形外科医生会遇到的最复杂的手术之一。在鼻整形术的早期历史中，手术是用封闭的方法完成的，结构被笼罩在神秘之中，而外科医生则依靠表面美学进行诊断和治疗。最后，随着扩大开放入路、电动工具和压电外科的出现，整个骨金字塔可以直接可视化、成形和雕刻。截骨术可以在直视下以高精度进行。使用这种方法，骨软骨穹隆和鼻尖的每一个部分现在都可以直接观察，诊断和手术治疗。然而，这种情况只有在患者进入手术室后才会发生。本文将详细介绍诊断和治疗困难的软组织包膜的鼻子。它还将描述超声检查用于术前计划以及术后愈合期间的诊断和治疗，以及计划可能的翻修和二次手术。
Rhinoplasty is one of the most complicated operations that a plastic surgeon will encounter. In the early history of rhinoplasty, operations were done with a closed approach, and the structures were shrouded in mystery while surgeons relied on surface aesthetics for diagnosis and treatment. Finally, with the advent of the extended open approach, power tools, and piezosurgery, the whole bony pyramid can be directly visualized, shaped, and sculpted. Osteotomies can be done under direct vision with high precision. Using this approach, every part of the osseocartilaginous vault and nasal tip can now be directly observed, diagnosed, and surgically treated. However, this only occurs once the patient is in the operating room. This article will detail the diagnosis and treatment of the difficult soft-tissue envelope of the nose. It will also describe the use of ultrasonography for preoperative planning as well as postoperatively for diagnosis and treatment during the healing period and for planning possible revision and secondary surgery.