Geotechnical insights of mammal burrows in loose desert sand

Geotechnical insights of mammal burrows in loose desert sand
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松散沙漠中哺乳动物洞穴的岩土工程见解

DOI:
10.1007/s11440-023-02000-5
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
Collins, Clint E.
Collins, Clint E.
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Akin, Idil Deniz;Tirkes, Sera;Collins, Clint E.

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松散的沙漠沙子限制了岩土工程师在没有衬砌的情况下建造隧道,衬砌通常是钢、混凝土或泥水盾构。然而,许多沙漠哺乳动物可以在松散的沙子中建造隧道,并且这些隧道可以在恶劣的沙漠环境中长时间保持稳定。这项研究介绍了关于哺乳动物在松散的沙漠沙中洞穴的知识状况,并从岩土工程的角度提供了见解,旨在了解沙漠哺乳动物如何应对岩土工程挑战。该研究将这些沙漠哺乳动物描述为生物岩土工程师,并利用三个基本土壤力学原理解释了它们的洞穴稳定性:(i)非饱和土壤力学,(ii)压实和(iii)土壤胶结。达马拉鼹鼠、袋鼠、袖珍地鼠和圆尾地松鼠被视为沙漠生物岩土工程师。使用级配较差的细砂进行的概念验证实验证明了动物所使用的基本土壤力学原理对土壤强度的影响。使用索诺兰沙漠袋鼠栖息地的沙子进行的极限平衡隧道稳定性分析也证明了沙漠哺乳动物的隧道稳定性与三个岩土工程原理之间的联系。
Loose desert sand poses a constraint for geotechnical engineers to construct tunnels without a lining, which is typically steel, concrete, or slurry shield. Many desert mammals, however, can construct tunnels in loose sand, and the tunnels can remain stable over extended periods of time in harsh desert environments. This study presents the state of knowledge on mammal burrows in loose desert sand and provides insights from a geotechnical engineering perspective with the aim of understanding how desert mammals tackle a geotechnical challenge. The study presents these desert mammals as biogeotechnical engineers and explains their burrow stability using three fundamental soil mechanics principles: (i) unsaturated soil mechanics, (ii) compaction, and (iii) soil cementation. Damara mole-rats, kangaroo rats, pocket gophers, and round-tailed ground squirrels are presented as the desert biogeotechnical engineers. Proof-of-concept experiments conducted with a poorly graded fine sand demonstrate the effects of the fundamental soil mechanics principles used by the animals on soil strength. A limit equilibrium tunnel stability analysis performed using sand from a kangaroo rat habitat in the Sonoran Desert also demonstrated the link between tunnel stability of desert mammals and the three geotechnical principles.
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