Sustained Perceptual Deficits from Transient Sensory Deprivation
Sustained Perceptual Deficits from Transient Sensory Deprivation
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.0837-15.2015
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发表时间：
2015-07-29
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Sanes, Dan H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Caras, Melissa L.;Sanes, Dan H.
感觉通路在发育过程中表现出高度的可塑性，然而早期经验的感知后果通常在成年期进行评估。这种方法不允许人们识别可能与幼年动物观察到的中枢可塑性有关的短暂感知变化。在这里，我们确定了短时间的双侧听觉剥夺是否会影响发育和成年沙鼠的声音感知。从出生后第11天（P11）到出生后第23天（P23）（先前发现这种操作会破坏沙鼠的皮质特性），或从P23- p35开始，用双侧耳塞饲养动物。在移除耳塞并恢复正常阈值15天后，研究人员测试了动物检测调幅（AM）存在的能力，调幅是一种支持声音交流的时间线索。与年龄匹配的对照组相比，使用P11-P23耳塞饲养的动物显示出更高的AM检测阈值。相比之下，在较晚的年龄（P23-P35）饲养相同时间的耳塞并没有损害听觉感知。尽管在一周的重复测试中，耳塞饲养的幼鱼的AM阈值有所提高，但仍有一部分幼鱼表现出知觉缺陷。此外，虽然大多数动物在成年时耳塞饲养引起的感知缺陷已经解决，但一小部分成年动物表现出受损的表现。对照实验表明，耳塞不会破坏听觉外围的完整性。总之，我们的研究结果表明，P11-P23包含了一个关键时期，在这个时期，感觉剥夺破坏了支持听觉感知技能的中枢机制。
Sensory pathways display heightened plasticity during development, yet the perceptual consequences of early experience are generally assessed in adulthood. This approach does not allow one to identify transient perceptual changes that may be linked to the central plasticity observed in juvenile animals. Here, we determined whether a brief period of bilateral auditory deprivation affects sound perception in developing and adult gerbils. Animals were reared with bilateral earplugs, either from postnatal day 11 (P11) to postnatal day 23 (P23) (a manipulation previously found to disrupt gerbil cortical properties), or from P23-P35. Fifteen days after earplug removal and restoration of normal thresholds, animals were tested on their ability to detect the presence of amplitude modulation (AM), a temporal cue that supports vocal communication. Animals reared with earplugs from P11-P23 displayed elevated AM detection thresholds, compared with age-matched controls. In contrast, an identical period of earplug rearing at a later age (P23-P35) did not impair auditory perception. Although the AM thresholds of earplug-reared juveniles improved during a week of repeated testing, a subset of juveniles continued to display a perceptual deficit. Furthermore, although the perceptual deficits induced by transient earplug rearing had resolved for most animals by adulthood, a subset of adults displayed impaired performance. Control experiments indicated that earplugging did not disrupt the integrity of the auditory periphery. Together, our results suggest that P11-P23 encompasses a critical period during which sensory deprivation disrupts central mechanisms that support auditory perceptual skills.