Phylogenetic analysis of the vertebrate galectin family
Phylogenetic analysis of the vertebrate galectin family
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msh082
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发表时间：
2004-07-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Poirier, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Houzelstein, D;Gonçalves, IR;Poirier, F
半乳糖凝集素形成了一个结构相关的碳水化合物结合蛋白（凝集素）家族，已在多种后生动物门中鉴定。它们参与许多生物过程，如形态发生、细胞死亡控制、免疫反应和癌症。为了阐明脊索动物中半乳糖凝集素和半乳糖凝集素样蛋白的进化历史，我们利用了三条独立的证据线：（i）人类基因组中半乳糖凝集素编码基因（LGALS）的位置;（ii）半乳糖凝集素编码基因的外显子-内含子组织;和（iii）脊索动物半乳糖凝集素的碳水化合物识别结构域（CRD）的序列比较。我们的研究结果表明，一个单一的CRD半乳糖凝集素基因的重复产生了一个原始的双CRD半乳糖凝集素基因，在脊索动物进化之前或早期。这种原始半乳糖凝集素的N-末端和C-末端CRD随后分化成两种不同的亚型，由外显子-内含子结构定义（F4-CRD和F3-CRD）。我们表明，所有脊椎动物单CRD半乳糖凝集素已知的日期属于F3或F4亚型。一个序列的重复和分歧事件的不同的半乳糖凝集素在脊索动物提出。
Galectins form a family of structurally related carbohydrate binding proteins (lectins) that have been identified in a large variety of metazoan phyla. They are involved in many biological processes such as morphogenesis, control of cell death, immunological response, and cancer. To elucidate the evolutionary history of galectins and galectin-like proteins in chordates, we have exploited three independent lines of evidence: (i) location of galectin encoding genes (LGALS) in the human genome; (ii) exon-intron organization of galectin encoding genes; and (iii) sequence comparison of carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) of chordate galectins. Our results suggest that a duplication of a mono-CRD galectin gene gave rise to an original bi-CRD galectin gene, before or early in chordate evolution. The N-terminal and C-terminal CRDs of this original galectin subsequently diverged into two different subtypes, defined by exon-intron structure (F4-CRD and F3-CRD). We show that all vertebrate mono-CRD galectins known to date belong to either the F3- or F4-subtype. A sequence of duplication and divergence events of the different galectins in chordates is proposed.