DIVING BEHAVIOR OF JUVENILE NORTHERN ELEPHANT SEALS
DIVING BEHAVIOR OF JUVENILE NORTHERN ELEPHANT SEALS
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幼年北象海豹的潜水行为
DOI：
10.1139/z96-181
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
D. Costa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. L. Boeuf;P. Morris;S. B. Blackwell;D. Crocker;D. Costa
我们描述并回顾了北象海豹（miounga angustirostris）在生命最初2年的迁徙过程中潜水和觅食模式的发展。用时间-深度记录仪和Argos卫星标签记录了加利福尼亚Ano Nuevo和Piedras Blancas的23只9-27月龄幼鱼的潜水模式和迁徙轨迹。海豹的潜水模式与成年海豹相似，潜水深度为373±77 m（平均±SD），潜水时间为15.2±2.6 min，持续时间为88.7±2.7%。表现水平随着年龄和经验的增加而增加，直到2岁，第四次迁徙结束时，模态潜水表现与成年人相当。幼鱼向北迁徙到俄勒冈州、华盛顿州和不列颠哥伦比亚省以西的水域，它们的移动速度更慢，也没有成年鱼那么远。到第三次出海时，雄性开始比雌性表现出更多的平底潜水，这是在成年中观察到的性别差异。
We describe and review the development of the diving and foraging pattern of northern elephant seals, Mirounga angustirostris, during migrations over the first 2 years of life. The diving pattern and migratory tracks of 23 juveniles, 9–27 months of age, from Ano Nuevo and Piedras Blancas, California, were recorded with attached time–depth recorders and Argos satellite tags. The seals exhibited a general diving pattern like that of adults, diving deep (373 ± 77 m per dive (mean ± SD)), long (15.2 ± 2.6 min per dive), and continuously (88.7 ± 2.7% of the time submerged while at sea). Level of performance increased with age and experience up to 2 years of age, the end of the fourth migration, when modal diving performance was equal to that of adults. Juveniles migrated north to the waters west of Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia, moving more slowly and not as far as adults. By the third trip to sea, males began to exhibit more flat-bottomed dives than females, a sex difference observed in adults, sug...