Energy potential of a tidal fence deployed near a coastal headland
Energy potential of a tidal fence deployed near a coastal headland
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部署在沿海岬角附近的潮汐围栏的能源潜力
DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2012.0176
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
G. Houlsby
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Draper;A. Borthwick;G. Houlsby
靠近沿海岬角的增强潮汐流似乎为部署潮汐能装置提供了理想的位置。在本文中，使用近场近似来研究具有倾斜海床的理想化沿海岬附近潮汐流的发电潜力，以在二维深度平均数值模型中表示潮汐围栏（即一排潮汐装置）。模拟表明，潮汐围栏提取的功率是有限的，因为随着设备施加的推力增加，水流将绕过潮汐围栏（主要是在海洋一侧）。对于所考虑的动态条件、栅栏布置和地头纵横比，在栅栏处提取的最大功率与局部未受干扰的动通量或由于床摩擦而产生的自然能量耗散率没有任何明显的关系（尽管这两者在过去都被用来预测可能提取的功率量）。可用功率（等于设备紧随其后的垂直混合损耗提取的功率净值）针对栅栏内面积较大且中心间距较小的设备进行了优化。能量提取对自然流场的影响是根据高程和速度的 M2 分量、残余床剪应力和潮汐扩散的变化来评估的。
Enhanced tidal streams close to coastal headlands appear to present ideal locations for the deployment of tidal energy devices. In this paper, the power potential of tidal streams near an idealized coastal headland with a sloping seabed is investigated using a near-field approximation to represent a tidal fence, i.e. a row of tidal devices, in a two-dimensional depth-averaged numerical model. Simulations indicate that the power extracted by the tidal fence is limited because the flow will bypass the fence, predominantly on the ocean side, as the thrust applied by the devices increases. For the dynamic conditions, fence placements and headland aspect ratios considered, the maximum power extracted at the fence is not related in any obvious way to the local undisturbed kinetic flux or the natural rate of energy dissipation due to bed friction (although both of these have been used in the past to predict the amount of power that may be extracted). The available power (equal to the extracted power net of vertical mixing losses in the immediate wake of devices) is optimized for devices with large area and small centre-to-centre spacing within the fence. The influence of energy extraction on the natural flow field is assessed relative to changes in the M2 component of elevation and velocity, and residual bed shear stress and tidal dispersion.