Nitrous oxide emissions from soils: how well do we understand the processes and their controls?
Nitrous oxide emissions from soils: how well do we understand the processes and their controls?
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2013.0122
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发表时间：
2013-07-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zechmeister-Boltenstern S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Butterbach-Bahl K;Baggs EM;Dannenmann M;Kiese R;Zechmeister-Boltenstern S
虽然土壤是大气一氧化二氮（N2 O）的主要来源，但我们仍在努力充分了解潜在微生物生产和消费过程的复杂性以及与生物（例如种内和种间竞争，食物网，植物-微生物相互作用）和非生物（例如土壤气候，物理和化学）因素的联系。最近的研究表明，更好地了解不同气候条件下和不同土地利用方式下各种土壤中微生物群落的组成和多样性，以及根际植物-微生物的相互作用，可能会为更好地了解土壤-大气界面N2 O通量的变化提供关键。此外，最近对N2 O还原为二氮（N2）的调节的见解增加了我们对N2 O交换的理解。这种改进的过程理解，建立在同位素示踪技术和宏基因组学的使用增加，需要去沿着在测量技术的改进N2 O（和N2）排放，以获得强大的现场和实验室数据集不同的生态系统类型。这两个领域的进展，目前用于改善过程的描述在土壤地球化学模型，这可能最终不仅被用来测试我们目前的过程理解从微观到现场水平，但也被用作工具，扩大排放量的景观和区域，并探讨反馈土壤N2 O排放的环境条件，土地管理和土地利用的变化。
Although it is well established that soils are the dominating source for atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O), we are still struggling to fully understand the complexity of the underlying microbial production and consumption processes and the links to biotic (e.g. inter- and intraspecies competition, food webs, plant–microbe interaction) and abiotic (e.g. soil climate, physics and chemistry) factors. Recent work shows that a better understanding of the composition and diversity of the microbial community across a variety of soils in different climates and under different land use, as well as plant–microbe interactions in the rhizosphere, may provide a key to better understand the variability of N2O fluxes at the soil–atmosphere interface. Moreover, recent insights into the regulation of the reduction of N2O to dinitrogen (N2) have increased our understanding of N2O exchange. This improved process understanding, building on the increased use of isotope tracing techniques and metagenomics, needs to go along with improvements in measurement techniques for N2O (and N2) emission in order to obtain robust field and laboratory datasets for different ecosystem types. Advances in both fields are currently used to improve process descriptions in biogeochemical models, which may eventually be used not only to test our current process understanding from the microsite to the field level, but also used as tools for up-scaling emissions to landscapes and regions and to explore feedbacks of soil N2O emissions to changes in environmental conditions, land management and land use.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Butterbach-Bahl, K;Willibald, G;Papen, H
通讯作者：
Papen, H
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Bouwman, AF
通讯作者：
Bouwman, AF
影响因子：
2
作者：
Baggs, E. M.
通讯作者：
Baggs, E. M.
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Arah, JRM;Vinten, AJA
通讯作者：
Vinten, AJA
影响因子：
4
作者：
Crenshaw, C. L.;Lauber, C.;Stavely, L. K.
通讯作者：
Stavely, L. K.