Optical microcavities : Photonic technologies
Optical microcavities : Photonic technologies
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作者：
K. Vahala
光学微腔通过共振循环将光限制在小体积内。基于光学微腔的器件在广泛的应用和研究中已经不可或缺。例如，由有源III - V族半导体材料制成的微腔可控制激光发射光谱，使数据能够通过光纤进行长距离传输；它们还能确保CD和DVD播放器中激光读/写光束的光斑尺寸很窄。在量子光学器件中，微腔可以诱导原子或量子点在期望的方向上发射自发光子，或者能够提供一种环境，在其中诸如自发辐射等耗散机制被克服，从而使辐射和物质的量子纠缠成为可能。这些卓越器件的应用与其几何和共振特性一样多种多样。
Optical microcavities confine light to small volumes by resonant recirculation. Devices trased on optical microcavities are already indispensable for a wide range of applications and studies, For example, microcavities made of active III-V semiconductor materials control laser emission spectra to enable long-distance transmission of data over optical fibres; they also ensure narrow spot-size laser read/write beams in CD and DVD players. In quantum optical devices, mocrocavities can coax atoms or quantum dots to emit spontaneous photons In a desired direction or can provide an environment where dissipative mechanhms such as spontaneous emission are overcome so that quantum entanglement of radiation and matter is possible. Applications of these remarkable devices are as diverse as their geometrical and resonant properties.