Global Patterns of Hottest, Coldest and Extreme Diurnal Variability on Earth
Global Patterns of Hottest, Coldest and Extreme Diurnal Variability on Earth
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DOI：
10.1175/bams-d-20-0325.1
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Yunxia Zhao;H. Norouzi;M. Azarderakhsh;A. Aghakouchak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yunxia Zhao;H. Norouzi;M. Azarderakhsh;A. Aghakouchak
大多数以前的极端温度研究主要集中在大气温度。利用18年最新版本的中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）的陆面温度（LST）的数据，我们在全球范围内调查的空间格局的热，冷极端以及昼夜温度范围（DTR）。我们发现，在伊朗的卢特沙漠和墨西哥的索诺兰沙漠观测到的世界最高LST为80.8 ° C，比2005年观测到的70.7 ° C的全球记录高出10度以上。地球上最冷的地方是南极洲，最低温度为-110.9 °C。世界上最高的DTR为81.8 ° C，在中国的沙漠环境中观察到。我们看到强烈的纬度模式在炎热和寒冷的极端以及DTR。世界各地的生物群落面临着不同程度的极端温度和DTR：我们观察到沙漠和旱生灌丛的最高地带平均最大LST为61.1 ± 5.3 ° C;苔原的最低地带平均最小LST为-66.6 ± 14.8 ° C;山地草原和灌丛的最高地带平均最大DTR为43.5 ± 9.9 ° C。这种对不同生物群落的极端LST和DTR的全球探索揭示了不同生态系统面临的极端类型。
Most previous studies of extreme temperatures have primarily focused on atmospheric temperatures. Using 18 years of the latest version of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature (LST) data, we globally investigate the spatial patterns of hot and cold extremes as well as diurnal temperature range (DTR). We show that the world’s highest LST of 80.8 °C, observed in the Lut Desert in Iran and the Sonoran Desert in Mexico, is over ten degrees above the previous global record of 70.7 °C observed in 2005. The coldest place on Earth is Antarctica with the record low temperature of -110.9 °C. The world’s maximum DTR of 81.8 °C is observed in a desert environment in China. We see strong latitudinal patterns in hot and cold extremes as well as DTR. Biomes worldwide are faced with different levels of temperature extremes and DTR: we observe the highest zonal average maximum LST of 61.1 ± 5.3 °C in the deserts and xeric shrublands; the lowest zonal average minimum LST of -66.6 ± 14.8 °C in the Tundra; and the highest zonal average maximum DTR of 43.5 ± 9.9 °C in the montane grasslands and shrublands. This global exploration of extreme LST and DTR across different biomes sheds light on the type of extremes different ecosystems are faced with.